杜甫、严武“睚眦”问题覆议  

On the Small Grievance Between Du Fu and Yan Wu

作　　者：张其秀 ZHANG Qi-xiu(Advanced Institute of Confucianism,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,济南250100

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2022年第5期13-17,共5页Tangdu Journal

基　　金：教育部社科规划基金项目:“杜甫生平事迹新考”(21YJA751022)成果;西南民族大学四川省社会科学重点研究基地杜甫研究中心资助项目:“范濂《杜律选注》点校整理”(DFY202011)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“严武欲杀杜甫”故事的雏形最早出现于中唐李肇的《唐国史补》,经晚唐五代笔记小说不断的演化,至新、旧《唐书·杜甫传》方逐渐定型。实际上该故事乃晚唐五代人杜撰而成,杜撰依据是杜诗“常恐性坦率,失身为杯酒”及严武诗“莫倚善题《鹦鹉赋》,何须不著■冠”。此外,史籍中严武残忍嗜杀的形象,也是杜撰者编造此故事的另一心理动因。《新唐书·严武传》中关于其杀父妾之事,更是助长了世俗对严武残忍嗜杀的印象,其实此事仍是来源于《云溪友议》之类的笔记小说,不足为凭。然而由于两《唐书》作为正史的巨大公信力,使得“冠钩欲杀”故事以讹传讹,影响恶劣。The story about“Yan Wu’s wanting to kill Du Fu”first appeared in the Supplement to the History of the Tang Dynasty(Tang Guo Shi Bu in Chinese Pinyin)and was evolved into the anecdote fictions of the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties.After continuous evolution,it was gradually finalized in The New Book of Tang and The Old Book of Tang.The story actually was directly fictionalized by the novelists in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties based on Du Fu’s poem“I always fear that my frankness will spoil my life because of a cup of wine”and Yan Wu’s poem“Why not become an official and serve the emperor instead of relying solely on the literary ability?”.In addition,Yan Wu’s image of cruelty and addictive murder in the history books was also the psychological reason for the authors to make up the story.In fact,the fiction about Yan Wu’s killing his father’s concubine was also derived from The New Book of Tang·the Biography of Yan Wu and it was also based on the novels such as Yun Xi You Yi,which was not trustworthy.However,due to the high credibility of The New Book of Tang and The Old Book of Tang as the national history,the story was widespread and had a certain negative impact.

关 键 词：杜甫 严武 两《唐书》 《云溪友议》 

分 类 号：I206.42[文学—中国文学]