由“政区单元”河长制到“流域单元”河长制的转向——基于黄河流域河长制政策的准自然实验  

Transforming of River Chief System From District Unit to Basin Unit:A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the Policy of River Chief System in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：黄万华[1] 王婷婷 高红贵[2] HUANG Wan-hua;WANG Ting-ting;GAO Hong-gui(School of Management,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Economics School,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学管理学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]中南财经政法大学经济学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《东北财经大学学报》2022年第6期74-84,共11页Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于准自然实验的河长制效果评估及政策优化研究”(20BZZ074)。

摘　　要：破解当前黄河流域水污染治理“统管部门统而不统,分管部门分而不(能)分”的困局,是推进黄河流域高质量发展的重要进路。基于黄河流域“政区单元”河长制实施的准自然实验,本文选取2012—2018年黄河流域重点断面的水环境质量指标,采用多期双重差分模型,检验黄河流域“政区单元”河长制实施的政策效果。结果表明,“政区单元”河长制政策通过调整产业结构一定程度上改善了黄河流域水环境质量,但具有明显的区域异质性,未能实现全面治理黄河流域水质污染的目标;从长期看,省际竞争的“场景”下,“政区单元”河长制并不能协同推进黄河流域大治理。基于此,本文提出构建“流域单元”河长制,强化中央权力对“省级河长”的横向协调与指导,实行以流域为单元的统一国土空间与产业规划、全流域一体化的环境监控,最终实现由以“政区单元”为主的属地管理转向以“流域单元”为主的整体性治理格局的政策建议。The key to watershed management lies in water control. The report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategic goal of ’speeding up reform of the system for developing an ecological civilization, and building a beautiful China’. The high-quality development of the Yellow River basin requires the highquality development of both economy and ecological civilization.This paper takes the implementation of the river chief system in the Yellow River basin as a quasi-natural experiment, selects the water environment quality of key sections of the Yellow River basin from 2012 to 2018 as indexes.On this basis, it discusses the ’net effect’and heterogeneity effect of the impact of the river chief system on water environment quality in the Yellow River basin by using the multi-period DID method(namely, difference in differences). Empirical studies show that theriver chief system improves the quality of the Yellow River basin water environment to a certain extent, but fails to achieve the goal of the Yellow River basin water pollution comprehensive governance. Specifically: the river chief system, to a certain extent, reduces the dissolved oxygen, potassium permanganate index and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand(cod) in the Yellow River basin, but the concentration of acidity and alkalinity does not decrease. The regression results remain robust after parallel trend test, placebo test, and replacement of control group. Further analysis shows that the implementation effect of river chief system in the Yellow River basin has obvious regional heterogeneity, and the policy effect of river chief system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin is significantly better than that in the upper reaches. The analysis of influencing mechanism shows that in the long run, river chief system affects the water pollution control effect of the Yellow River basin through the upgrading of industrial structure.Compared with previous literature, this

关 键 词：河长制 政策效果评价 黄河流域 准自然实验 双重差分法 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] D63[政治法律—政治学]