生物质高值化利用研究综述  

Review on high value utilization of biomass

作　　者：邹俊[1] 陈应泉[1] 杨海平[1] 陈汉平[1] ZOU Jun;CHEN Yingquan;YANG Haiping;CHEN Hanping(State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第7期79-88,共10页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFB1503900)。

摘　　要：从生物质气化、催化热解及功能碳材料制备出发,综述了过程工艺、原料种类、催化剂种类对低碳生物质基富氢合成气、化学品及炭基材料产物的影响,建立了生物质热化学转化高值化利用调控机制.结合热解多联产工艺,对生物质全组分综合利用进行了展望:生物质热解多联产技术能协同制备炭、气、油产品,是生物质综合利用的重要途径,但产物品质依然可以大幅提升;生物质三组分具有不同的目标产物导向,通过预处理分离三组分能改善产物品质,但成本高、技术不成熟,须深入探究预处理过程,优化预处理工艺;复合催化剂/吸附剂对于焦油转化、CO_(2)原位捕集及提高H_(2)产率作用显著,催化剂和活化剂对于生物质热解表现出较好的催化脱氧和活化扩孔效果,但常规催化剂效率低、不稳定、易失活等缺点制约了工业化发展,须加强新型高效、稳定及绿色催化剂的开发,强化反应参数与催化剂的协同优化.Starting from biomass gasification,catalytic pyrolysis and preparation of functional carbon materials,the effects of process technology,types of raw materials and catalysts on low-carbon biomass based hydrogen rich syngas,chemicals and products of carbon based materials were reviewed.The regulation mechanism of biomass thermochemical conversion and high-value utilization was established.Combined with pyrolysis polygeneration process,the comprehensive utilization of all components of biomass was prospected.Combined with the pyrolysis polygeneration process,the comprehensive utilization of all components of biomass was prospected.Biomass pyrolysis polygeneration technology could cooperate to prepare carbon,gas and oil products.It is an important way for the comprehensive utilization of biomass,but the product quality can still be greatly improved.The three components of biomass have different target product orientation.The separation of three components by pretreatment can improve the product quality,but the cost is high and the technology is not mature.It is necessary to deeply explore the pretreatment process and optimize the pretreatment process.The composite catalyst/adsorbent plays a significant role in tar conversion,CO_(2)in-situ capture and increasing H_(2) yield.The catalyst and activator show good catalytic deoxidation and activation pore enlargement effects for biomass pyrolysis.However,the disadvantages of conventional catalysts such as low efficiency,instability and easy deactivation restrict the development of industrialization.It is necessary to strengthen the development of new efficient,stable and green catalysts and strengthen the collaborative optimization of reaction parameters and catalysts.

关 键 词：生物质 气化技术 催化热解 炭化技术 热解多联产 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]