河北省长爪沙鼠及其巢蚤密度与气象因素关系  

Relationship between population densities of Meriones unguiculatus and its nest fleas and meteorological factors in M.unguiculatus plague foci of Hebei province,China

作　　者：牛艳芬[1] 张懿晖[1] 康东梅 陈永明[1] 刘广[1] 刘合智[1] 史献明[1] 杜国义[1] NIU Yan-fen;ZHANG Yi-hui;KANG Dong-mei;CHEN Yong-ming;LIU Guang;LIU He-zhi;SHI Xian-ming;DU Guo-yi(Department of Laboratory/Department of Epidemiology,Anti-plague Institute of Hebei Province,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省鼠疫防治所检验科/流行病科,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2022年第5期684-688,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：河北省2020年度医学科学研究课题计划(20200810);国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10713-001-002);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2021-002-01-03)。

摘　　要：目的分析和探讨河北省长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地长爪沙鼠和巢蚤密度与气象因素的关系。方法收集2001-2013年河北省长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地长爪沙鼠及其巢蚤的监测数据和同期降水量、气温和湿度等气象资料;定义长爪沙鼠鼠密度≥1.00只/hm^(2)为高危组,0.21~0.99只/hm^(2)时为预警组,≤0.20只/hm^(2)时为标准组,采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验比较巢蚤染蚤率和蚤指数的差异;按照四分位间距将总降水量、平均气温和平均相对湿度分为4组,比较不同组间巢蚤指标的差异;采用多重对应分析探索长爪沙鼠密度、巢蚤指数与气象因素之间的关联性。结果不同总降水量组巢蚤染蚤率分布不同(H=10.220,P=0.017),降水量≥426.00 mm时染蚤率最高。不同总降水量、平均相对湿度和长爪沙鼠密度组巢蚤指数分布均不同(H=27.807、12.685、7.130,均P<0.05);降水量≥426.00 mm、平均相对湿度≥58.71%和长爪沙鼠密度≥1.00只/hm^(2)时巢蚤指数均最高,与最低组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.722、2.999、2.504,均P<0.05)。多重对应分析结果显示,巢蚤指数P75~100与总降水量P50~75、平均相对湿度P25~50与高危组鼠密度有关联,巢蚤指数P50~75与总降水量P75~100和平均相对湿度P75~100有关联。结论降水量和长爪沙鼠密度是影响河北省长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠巢蚤指数的重要因素,应根据宿主密度和气象条件确定灭蚤地点、范围和时间,进行精准性的灭蚤,防止鼠间鼠疫的流行。Objective To investigate the relationship between the population densities of Meriones unguiculatus and its nest fleas and meteorological factors in M.unguiculatus plague foci in Hebei province,China.Methods The monitoring data of M.unguiculatus and its nest fleas in M.unguiculatus plague foci in Hebei province from 2001 to 2013,as well as meteorological data such as precipitation,temperature and humidity during the same period were collected.The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the flea infestation rate and flea index of nest fleas among groups by the density of M.unguiculatus(≥1.00 rodents/hm^(2) as high-risk group,0.21-0.99 rodents/hm^(2) as warning group,≤0.20 rodents/hm^(2) as standard group).Nest flea index were also compared among groups by total precipitation,average temperature,and average relative humidity(four groups each according to their interquartile ranges).Multiple correspondence analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the density of M.unguiculatus,nest flea index,and meteorological factors.Results The flea infestation rate distribution was statistically different between different groups by total precipitation(H=10.220,P=0.017),and when the precipitation was≥426.00 mm,the flea infestation rate was highest.The nest flea index distribution statistically differed between those groups by total precipitation,average relative humidity,and M.unguiculatus density(H=27.807,12.685,7.130,all P<0.05).When the precipitation was≥426.00 mm,average relative humidity was≥58.71%,and M.unguiculatus density was≥1.00 rodents/hm^(2),the nest flea index values were all highest,with statistical differences from those of the lowest groups(t=4.722,2.999,2.504,all P<0.05).The multiple correspondence analysis showed strong associations of the flea index P75-100 with the total precipitation P50-75,the average relative humidity P25-50,and M.unguiculatus density in the high-risk group,and strong associations of the flea index P50-75 with the total precipitation P75-100 and average relat

关 键 词：鼠巢蚤 染蚤率 蚤指数 降水量 气温 湿度 多重对应分析 

分 类 号：R384.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] S443[医药卫生—基础医学]