2016-2020年浙江省禽类相关外环境禽流感病毒污染状况及职业暴露人群血清监测  

Surveillance for contamination of avian influenza virus in poultry related environment and serological surveillance in population with occupational exposure to avian influenza virus in Zhejiang,2016-2020

作　　者：楼秀玉[1] 王欣莹[1] 颜浩 史雯[1] 茅海燕[1] 程伟[1] 张严峻[1] Lou Xiuyu;Wang Xinying;Yan Hao;Shi Wen;Mao Haiyan;Cheng Wei;Zhang Yanjun(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第9期1170-1174,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：浙江省卫生领军人才培养项目[No.(2018)22]。

摘　　要：目的了解2016—2020年浙江省禽类相关外环境中禽流感病毒的污染状况和职业暴露人群中禽流感病毒的感染情况,为浙江省禽流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用Real-time RT-PCR对外环境标本进行甲型流感病毒通用型(A型)核酸检测,A型阳性的标本再进行H5、H7和H9亚型的禽流感病毒核酸检测,采用红细胞凝集抑制试验对职业暴露人群血清标本进行H5N6、H7N9、H9N2检测,采用描述性分析对检测结果进行统计分析。结果2016—2020年浙江省每年均在禽类相关外环境中检出禽流感病毒阳性标本,共检出A型阳性标本10106份,总阳性率为24.60%,H5阳性标本525份,阳性率为1.28%,H7阳性标本1137份,阳性率为2.77%,H9阳性标本3634份,阳性率为8.84%,且存在H5+H7、H5+H9、H7+H9、H5+H7+H9混合阳性的标本;城乡活禽市场、家禽屠宰加工厂、家禽散养户集中地区、家禽规模养殖(户)、野生候鸟栖息地5类场所中采集的宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面擦拭标本的禽流感病毒A型阳性检出率最高,达48.33%;冬春季时外环境中检出禽流感病毒阳性比例较高;2888份职业暴露人群血清标本中检出1份H5N6和9份H9N2阳性标本,城乡活禽市场、家禽屠宰加工厂、家禽散养户集中地区、家禽规模养殖(户)4类场所均有分布,但以城乡活禽市场中检出较多。结论浙江省禽类相关外环境中禽流感病毒以H9亚型为主,H5亚型每年均有检出,H7亚型主要集中在2016和2017年,存在混合阳性的标本,有病毒重组的风险;职业暴露人群中存在H5N6和H9N2隐性感染,应加强禽流感病毒的防控工作,做好职业人群的安全宣教工作,加大禽流感的监测力度。Objective To understand the contamination of avian influenza virus in the poultry related environment and the infection of avian influenza virus in population with occupational exposure to avian influenza virus in Zhejiang form 2016 to 2020,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza.Methods Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza A virus in the poultry related environment samples.The positive samples were tested for nucleic of subtype H5,H7 and H9 of avian influenza virus.The antibodies to influenza A(H5N6),(H7N)and(H9N2)viruses in the serum of population with occupational exposure were detected by hemagglutination inhibition test(HI).The detection results were statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 10106 positive samples of influenza A virus were detected(24.6%),including 525 subtype H5 positive samples(1.28%),1137 subtype H7(2.77%)positive samples and 3634 subtype H9 positive samples(8.84%),in the poultry related environment in Zhejiang,and there were H5+H7,H5+H9,H7+H9,H5+H7+H9 co-positive samples.The positive samples of avian influenza A virus were detected in the samples from urban and rural live poultry markets,poultry packinghouses,areas with multi-scattering raising-households,households with large-scale poultry breeding,and wild migratory bird habitats,the highest positive rate was in the surface swabs of chopping board(48.33%).The proportion of avian influenza virus positive samples was higher in winter and spring,One H5N6 positive and 9 H9N2 positive samples were detected in 2888 serum samples from population with occupational exposure in urban and rural live poultry markets,poultry packinghouses,areas with multi-scattering raising-households and households with large-scale poultry breeding,but mainly in urban and rural live poultry markets.Conclusion The avian influenza viruses detected in Zhejiang mainly belonged to subtype H9,subtype H5 was detected every ye

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 禽类相关外环境 职业暴露人群 监测 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R188.2R188.7