职场负面八卦对被八卦员工行为的影响:基于认知−情感人格系统理论的元分析  

The effect of negative workplace gossip on the targets’behaviors:A meta-analysis based on the cognitive-affective personality system theory

作　　者：李黎飞 卫旭华[1] 程德俊[2] LI Lifei;WEI Xuhua;CHENG Dejun(School of Management,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Business School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学管理学院,兰州730000 [2]南京大学商学院,南京210093

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2022年第12期2681-2695,共15页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71972093,72072084);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA239);兰州大学“一带一路”专项项目(2018ldbryb024)资助。

摘　　要：近年来研究者开始关注职场负面八卦对被八卦员工行为的影响。然而,目前关于二者关系机制的研究视角较为分散,且研究结论存在诸多分歧。为了厘清职场负面八卦与被八卦员工行为之间的关系,对2000年以来51个研究、61个样本的197个效应值进行了定量整合,基于认知−情感人格系统理论构建了职场负面八卦影响员工行为的解释机制,探索了负面八卦感知属性和文化差异在调和职场负面八卦与员工行为矛盾结论方面发挥的作用。结果表明,职场负面八卦对被八卦员工的行为产生了消极影响,职场负面八卦具体通过降低积极人际认知对被八卦员工的行为产生消极影响。从负面八卦感知属性的调节作用来看,当员工感知已被负面八卦时会表现出更加消极的行为,而当员工感知将被负面八卦时则会表现出更加积极的行为。从文化差异的调节作用来看,西方文化情境中职场负面八卦对被八卦员工行为的负向影响弱于东方文化情境。以上结论对于研究和管理职场负面八卦都具有一定的指导意义。Despite the burgeoning number of studies on negative workplace gossip(NWG),the literature has not reached an agreement on the relationship between NWG and targets’behavioral responses.Drawing on the cognitive-affective personality system theory,this study proposes that targets’perceived NWG influences their workplace behaviors through two psychological processes(i.e.,the cognitive and the affective route)and explores the moderating role of NWG perceptions and cultural differences in the relationship between NWG and targets’behaviors.Based on 51 studies and 21549 employees,this meta-analysis found a negative relationship between NWG and targets’positive behaviors through interpersonal perception(i.e.,the cognitive route)and targets’affect(i.e.,the affective route).Moreover,moderation analyses revealed that when employees perceive that they have been negatively gossiped about,they will show fewer positive behaviors,but when they perceive that they are about to be negatively gossiped about,they will show more positive behaviors.And in the context of Eastern culture,NWG has a stronger negative influence on targets’positive behaviors than in the context of Western culture.Theoretical implications,practical implications,potential limitations,and future directions are also discussed.

关 键 词：职场负面八卦 认知−情感人格系统理论 负面八卦感知属性 文化差异 员工行为 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]