得失情境下第三方惩罚决策差异的神经机制:基于rTMS的研究  

The Neural Mechanisms of Third-Party Punishment Decision-Making Differences between the Gain and Loss Contexts:Evidence from rTMS

作　　者：刘映杰 段亚妮 刘昊馨 刘佳 王赫 Liu Yingjie;Duan Yani;Liu Haoxin;Liu Jia;Wang He(School of Psychology and Mental Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,063210;Marxism Teaching Department,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,063210)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院,唐山063210 [2]华北理工大学马克思主义教学部,唐山063210

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第4期942-952,共11页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(HB20SH013)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究应用低频重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)技术,通过在第三方惩罚(研究1)及第三方惩罚和第三方补偿(恢复性惩罚)并存的情况下(研究2),对个体双侧vmPFC功能进行抑制,探索vmPFC在得失情境下第三方惩罚决策中的作用。研究1结果表明,rTMS抑制右侧vmPFC功能将降低损失情境下的第三方惩罚,收益情境下未发生改变。研究2得到与研究1一致的结果,且第三方惩罚减少程度更大,第三方补偿并未发生改变。这些结果强调了vmPFC与第三方惩罚紧密相关,在第三方判断得失情境的影响时起关键作用。The development of human society is inseparable from social norms,and the altruistic punishment is the key to maintain social norms.As an altruistic behavior,third-party punishment can maintain social norms,which is of great significance in promoting fairness and cooperation among people in the society.Third-party punishment occurs when people implement sanctioning mechanisms as an impartial bystander,the so called “thirdparty” refers to people who are not directly affected by others’ unfair behaviors.Third-party punishment decision-makings are also influenced by contexts.For example,there are some differences between third-party punishment decision-makings to maintain social fairness in the gain and loss contexts.In the loss context,the third-party is more willing to punish the perpetrator who violated social fairness.Neuroimaging studies have identified several brain regions which related to the differences between gain and loss contexts in second-party altruistic punishment,but the neural mechanisms for the differences in third-party altruistic punishment remain unsolved.According to previous studies,vmPFC is an important part of the mentalized brain network,and vmPFC is a brain region associated with reward processing,it is also able to assess people’s intention of violating norms,primarily,vmPFC is associated with integrated emotions in third-party punishment.In this study,we applied the low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) to inhibit the function of bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex(vmPFC) and used the modified third-party punishment tasks to investigate the situations of third-party retributive punishment(Study 1) and the coexistence of third-party retributive punishment and third-party restorative punishment(Study 2) respectively,to further explore the role of vmPFC in third-party punishment decision-making,especially vmPFC in the differences of third-party punishment decision-making between the gain and loss contexts.The results of Study 1 showed that,the functi

关 键 词：得失情境 第三方惩罚 公平规范 RTMS VMPFC 

分 类 号：B845.1[哲学宗教—心理学]