直升机悬停纵向动稳定性与静稳定性定量关系研究  

Quantitative study on the relation between longitudinal dynamic stability and static stability of hovering helicopters

作　　者：吕雨竹 徐玉貌[1] LYU Yuzhu;XU Yumao(China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jingdezhen 333001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国直升机设计研究所,江西景德镇333001

出　　处：《飞行力学》2022年第5期22-27,33,共7页Flight Dynamics

摘　　要：飞行稳定性是直升机的重要设计指标,但是在现行设计流程中稳定性分析多是校核参数已定的直升机,很难在设计初期利用动稳定性要求进行定量的设计优化。为使动稳定性设计更好地参与到直升机正向设计过程中,需对动稳定性与气动特性之间的解析关系进行深入研究。通过对直升机线化动力学方程进行简化,推导出了直升机悬停纵向动稳定性特征根与静稳定性气动导数之间的近似表达式,并利用样例直升机检验了表达式的准确性与合理性。利用动稳定性特征根与静稳定性气动导数的定量关系发现,速度静稳定性过大会使直升机趋于不稳定,俯仰运动阻尼增加会使直升机趋于稳定,其定量关系对直升机气动设计有重要的指导意义。Flight stability is an important design index in modern helicopter design,but in current design process,the analysis on flight stability is mostly to check the helicopters with defined parameters,so it is difficult to make use of the dynamic stability requirements for quantitative design optimization in the initial stage of design.In order to make the dynamic stability design better participate in the design process of helicopter,it is necessary to study the analytical relationship between dynamic stability and aerodynamic characteristics.The approximate expressions of the quantitative relationship between the longitudinal dynamic stability and the static stability of hovering helicopters were obtained by simplifying the equations of motion of helicopter.The accuracy and rationality of the expression was verified by sample helicopters.Using the quantitative relationship between the eigenvalues of longitudinal dynamic stability and aerodynamic derivatives,it was found that the increase of static velocity stability made the hovering flight of the helicopter more unstable and the increase of pitch damping made the hovering flight of the helicopter more stable.The quantitative relationship between the dynamic stability and the static stability plays a key role in guiding the helicopter design.

关 键 词：直升机 悬停 动稳定性 特征根 气动导数 

分 类 号：V212.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V275.1