基于飞行员模型的民机擦机尾事件分析  

Analysis of civil aircraft tail striking event based on pilot model

作　　者：杨星月 汪磊[2] YANG Xingyue;WANG Lei(Jiangsu Aviation Technical College,Zhenjiang 212000,China;Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏航空职业技术学院,江苏镇江212000 [2]中国民航大学,天津300300

出　　处：《飞行力学》2022年第5期89-94,共6页Flight Dynamics

基　　金：2021年度江苏航空职业技术学院院级重点课题资助项目(JATC21010108)。

摘　　要：为了准确分析飞行员在拉平阶段的操作特征,进而从飞行性能参数入手挖掘导致着陆俯仰角大的原因,基于飞行员模型建立民机擦机尾人因操作分析模型,从频域分析驾驶杆与俯仰角之间的相位差及飞行员模型参数变化对着陆俯仰角的影响。结果显示,着陆阶段的飞机俯仰增益与俯仰角呈显著正相关,驾驶杆增益与驾驶杆位置也呈显著正相关,仰角超限时的驾驶杆位置变化更加频繁且波动幅度较大;拉平阶段驾驶杆增益增大时,驾驶杆力量明显增大,水平尾翼的角度也比正常操纵时要大。该模型可研究民机擦机尾的人因操作原因,发现飞行员操作技能缺陷,从而改善训练,对飞行安全及航空公司的安全管理有一定的意义。In order to accurately analyze the pilot operating characteristics in the leveling phase,and start from the flight performance parameters to find out the cause of the large landing pitch angle,this study establishes a civil aircraft tail striking human factors operation analysis model based on the pilot model.The influence of the lever gain on the landing parameters and the phase difference between the control stick and the pitch angle is analyzed in the frequency domain.The results show that when the gain value of control stick changes,the power of the control stick increases significantly,the angle of horizontal tail is also larger than that during normal control,and the stability of closed-loop system decreases.The pitch gain of the aircraft during the landing phase is significantly positively correlated with the pitch angle,and the joystick gain is also significantly positively correlated with the joystick position.When the elevation angle exceeds the limit,the joystick position changes more frequently and fluctuates more frequently.The model can explore the deep-seated causes of civil aircraft tail striking,find the defects of pilots operating skills,and improve training,which will have certain significance for the safety management and flight safety of airlines.

关 键 词：擦机尾 人因操作 飞行员模型 幅度谱 相位谱 

分 类 号：V328[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]