恩格斯批判“青年派”的科学方法及对意识形态工作的启示  

Scientific Methods of Engels’s Critique of the“Youth Faction”and Its Implication to Ideological Work

作　　者：杨军 杨卓然 Yang Jun;Yang Zhuoran

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界社会主义研究》2022年第9期91-100,M0006,M0007,共12页World Socialism Studies

基　　金：教育部“全国高校思政课建设项目:全国高校思政课名师工作室(武汉大学)”(21SZJS42010486)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在社会主义发展史上,恩格斯对德国社会民主党内“青年派”的批判,是开展党内思想斗争、引领青年思想的成功典范。在批判“青年派”的过程中,恩格斯展示了科学的批判方法,注重把握“青年派”理论错误的根源和实质,结合实践分析“青年派”理论错误的危害,并将理论批判与组织处理结合起来,及时消除“青年派”造成的消极影响。恩格斯批判“青年派”的显著特点是把批判错误理论与发展马克思主义结合起来。在批判过程中,恩格斯强调唯物史观是方法而不是公式,集中阐释并丰富发展了唯物史观,同时进一步明确了德国党的斗争策略。恩格斯对“青年派”的批判对我们的启示是:必须保持对党内外思想动态的政治敏锐性;必须重视党管媒体,控制舆论阵地;在思想交锋中要坚持原则,同时把握分寸、讲究策略。In the history of socialist development,Engels’ critique of the “youth faction ”in the Social Democratic Party of Germany( SPD) is a successful example of carrying out ideological struggles within the party to guide young people’s ideas.In critiquing the“youth faction”,Engels used a scientific method,focusing on the root cause and nature of its theoretical errors,analyzing the harm of such errors based on practice,combining theoretical critique with organizational discipline,and eliminating its negative impacts in a timely manner. The distinctive feature of Engels’ s critique of the“youth faction”is that he combined the critique of erroneous theories with the development of Marxism. In his critique,while emphasizing that historical materialism was a method rather than a formula,Engels focused on explaining and enriching historical materialism,and at the same time he further clarified the struggle strategies of SPD. Engels’ s critique of the“youth faction”teaches us that we must maintain political sensitivity to the ideological trends inside and outside the CPC;we must attach importance to the party’s management of the media and the control over the front of public opinion;we must adhere to the principles and adopt appropriate measures and strategies in ideological confrontations.

关 键 词：恩格斯 “青年派” 德国社会民主党 意识形态 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]