搬举作业局部肌肉易疲劳性表面肌电分析  

Analysis on local muscle fatigue in lifting work by surface electromyography

作　　者：郁英杰 黄新宇 王亦君 江高峰[2] 王震宇 吴磊 YU Ying-jie;HUANG Xin-yu;WANG Yi-jun;JIANG Gao-feng;WANG Zhen-yu;WU Lei(School of Public Health,School of Medicine,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430065,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430065 [2]武汉科技大学附属天佑医院,湖北武汉430064 [3]武汉科技大学医学院临床医学系,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2022年第3期254-259,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室项目(OHIC2020G02)。

摘　　要：目的探讨在不同搬举质量、频率和角度作用下搬举作业对局部肌肉易疲劳性的影响。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法,选择15名男性大学生志愿者为研究对象,在规定的质量(5、10 kg)、频率(10、15次/min)和角度(45°、90°)下分别进行8种搬举作业(设为A~H作业组),每种各5 min。采用表面肌电仪测量研究对象竖脊肌和多裂肌的最大自主收缩肌电百分比(MVE%)和平均功率频率(MPF)。结果竖脊肌和多裂肌MVE%的左、右2个测量位置与8种作业组之间均存在交互作用(P值均<0.01)。竖脊肌除A、B组外,其余6组作业中均为左侧MVE%高于右侧(P值均<0.05);多裂肌仅在作业组F中右侧MVE%高于左侧(P<0.05),其余7组MVE%左、右两侧分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,左、右两侧竖脊肌和左侧多裂肌疲劳的首要影响因素均是频率,其次是质量;右侧多裂肌疲劳的影响因素由大到小依次为质量、角度和频率。除G作业组MPF值随着搬举次数变化的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余7组MPF值随着搬举次数变化的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);当搬举质量为10 kg、频率为10次/min、角度为90°时,MPF随着搬举次数变化回归直线下降幅度最为明显。结论向左转体的搬举作业中,当搬举质量为10 kg、频率为10次/min、角度为90°时,竖脊肌与多裂肌发生疲劳的可能性最大。搬举频率是左、右两侧竖脊肌和左侧多裂肌疲劳的首位影响因素,搬举质量是右侧多裂肌的首位影响因素。Objective lifting mass,frequency and angle.MethodsFifteen male college student volunteers were selected as the study subjects using a pure random sampling method.Eight kinds of lifting operations(set as A-H operation group)were performed under the specified mass(5 and 10 kg),frequency(10 and15 times/min)and angle(45°and 90°),five minutes each.The percentage of maximum voluntary electrical activation(MVE%)and average power frequency(MPF)of erector spinae and multifidus muscle at maximum voluntary contraction were measured by surface electromyography.ResultsThere was an association between the left and right measurement positions of the MVE%of the erector spinae and multifidus muscle in these eight groups(all P<0.01).Except for groups A and B,the MVE%of erector spinae in the left side was higher than that of the right side in the other six groups(all P<0.05).The MVE%of multifidus muscle in the right side was higher than that in the left side only in the operation group F(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the left and right sides in the other seven groups(all P>0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the primary influencing factor of fatigue of left and right erector spinae and left multifidus muscle was frequency,followed by quality,and the influencing factors of fatigue of right multifidus muscle were mass,angle and frequency in descending order.There was no significant difference in MPF value of G group with the change of lifting times(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in MPF value of other groups with the change of lifting times(all P<0.01).The linear regression decline of MPF was the most obvious with the change of lifting times when the lifting weight was 10 kg,the frequency was 10 times/min,and the angle was 90°.Conclusion multifidus muscles are most likely to become fatigue with 10 kg lifting mass,10 times per min frequency,and 90°angle.Lifting frequency is the first influencing factor of fatigue of the left and right erector spinal muscles

关 键 词：表面肌电 疲劳 搬举作业 肌肉 竖脊肌 多裂肌 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]