加油站作业人员职业性慢性苯中毒诊断分析  

Diagnosis and analysis of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in gas station workers

作　　者：秦汝男 刘保峰[1] 李旭东 封琳敏[1] 曾强[1] QIN Ru-nan;LIU Bao-feng;LI Xu-dong;FENG Lin-min;ZENG Qiang(Institute for Occupational Health,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 30001l,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心职业健康研究所,天津300011

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2022年第3期320-323,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：天津市卫生健康科技项目(ZC20084);天津市医学重点学科(TJYXZDXK-066B)。

摘　　要：目的探讨加油站作业人员职业性慢性苯中毒的诊断思路。方法采用回顾性分析方法,以2019—2021年进行职业性慢性苯中毒诊断、并完成诊断程序的15例加油站作业人员为研究对象。收集其职业病诊断资料进行分析。结果15例患者来自14个不同的加油站,均因在岗期间职业健康检查检出周围血白细胞计数和/或中性粒细胞计数偏低提出职业病诊断要求。医学观察期间仍有13例患者白细胞计数、中性粒细胞和/或血小板计数大多偏低;抽检油品中显示油品中有苯存在,但加油岗位工作场所空气中苯均未检出,故因缺少职业性接触苯的依据,均未能诊断为职业性慢性苯中毒。结论苯的职业接触史是职业性慢性苯中毒病因判定的重要依据之一;结合临床表现等综合分析,并排除引起血象异常的其他非职业性因素,方可诊断职业性慢性苯中毒。Objective To discuss the diagnosis of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in gas station workers.Methods A total of 15 gas station operators who applied for the diagnosis of occupational chronic benzene poisoning from 2019 to 2021 and completed the diagnostic procedure were selected as the research subjects using the method of retrospective analysis.The diagnostic data of occupational disease were collected and analyzed.Results The 15 patients came from 14 different gas stations,and they submitted application for occupational disease diagnosis to the occupational disease diagnosis institution because of low white blood cell count and/or neutrophil count detected during occupational health examination.The white blood cell count,neutrophil and/or platelet count of 13 patients were mostly deviated during the medical observation period.The sampling of oil products showed benzene in the oil,but benzene was not detected in the air.No occupational chronic benzene poisoning was finally diagnosed due to the lack of occupational exposure to benzene.Conclusion The history of occupational benzene exposure is one of the important factors for determining the etiology of occupational chronic benzene poisoning.Occupational chronic benzene poisoning can be diagnosed based on the comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestations,and excluding other non-occupational factors causing abnormal blood tests.

关 键 词：加油站 苯中毒 职业接触 职业病 诊断 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]