严重创伤患者输血策略研究进展  

Research progress of blood transfusion strategies in patients with severe trauma

作　　者：赵金强 ZHAO Jin-qiang(Department of Blood Transfusion,Tianjin Jizhou District People’s Hospital,Tianjin 301900,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市蓟州区人民医院输血科,天津301900

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2022年第9期31-33,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：严重创伤是临床较为多见疾病,多发生于车祸患者。创伤出血是导致患者死亡第二大原因。患者病情危急,多需要进行输血治疗,改善微循环,为患者病情恢复提供有效治疗方法。随着车祸发生率的上升,严重创伤发病率升高,需给予严重创伤患者有效输血,以帮助患者维持生命体征,避免大量出血导致休克等,危及患者生命安全。输血疗法是现代医疗常见治疗方法,该方法的应用时间久远,严重创伤患者输血治疗后可增加血容量,提升患者血浆蛋白,改善血液成分,提升血液带氧能力,增强患者抵抗力。近年来,随着输血治疗的不断研究与进步,有研究指出,严重创伤患者需早期进行大量输血治疗,科学地应用输血方法救治患者,可较好改善患者预后,利于严重创伤患者病后恢复。本文就严重创伤患者输血的策略进行相关分析总结,综述了关于大量输血定义、大量输血预测评分系统、大量输血方案、输血并发症情况、止血药的应用研究进展,为严重创伤患者临床输血提供参考方案。Severe trauma is a common disease in clinical practice,mostly in patients with car accidents.Bleeding in patients with trauma is the second leading cause of death.Patients are in critical condition,so blood transfusion is often needed to promote microcirculation and provide effective treatment method for patients’ recovery.As the incidence of car accident injury increases,the incidence of severe trauma increases,so it is necessary to give effective blood transfusion to patients with severe trauma to help them maintain vital signs and avoid shock caused by massive bleeding which may endanger the safety of patients.Blood transfusion therapy is a common treatment method in modern medical treatment.The application of this method has a long history.After blood transfusion treatment for patients with severe trauma,blood volume can be increased,plasma protein of patients can be improved,blood composition can be changed,oxygen carrying capacity of blood can be improved,and patient resistance can be enhanced.In recent years,with the continuous research and progress of blood transfusion therapy,some studies have pointed out that severe trauma patients need to be treated with a large amount of blood transfusion at an early stage,and the scientific application of blood transfusion to treat patients can better improve the prognosis of patients,which is conducive to the post-traumatic recovery of patients with severe trauma.In this paper,the strategies of blood transfusion for patients with severe trauma are analyzed and summarized,reviews the research progress of the definition of mass transfusion,mass transfusion predictive scoring system,mass transfusion scheme,transfusion complications,and the application of hemostatic agents,in order to provide reference scheme for clinical blood transfusion of patients with severe trauma.

关 键 词：严重创伤 输血策略 大量输血 输血并发症 止血药 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]