减量施肥下苹果梨叶片养分及土壤性状的变化  

Changes of Leaf Nutrients and Soil Properties of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.‘Pingguoli’ Under Reduced Fertilization

作　　者：徐小迪 曹丽[1] 陈妍竹 侯嘉琪 田良 李雄[2] XU Xiaodi;CAO Li;CHEN Yanzhu;HOU Jiaqi;TIAN Liang;LI Xiong(College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji,Jilin 133000;Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yanji,Jilin 133000)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133000 [2]延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第19期29-35,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅资助项目(20200402071NC);延边大学校企合作资助项目([2019]2号)。

摘　　要：以苹果梨为试材,设置了CK(不施肥)、CF1(1 kg·株)、CF2(3 kg·株)、CF3(5 kg·株)4个处理,采用Pearson相关性分析方法,研究了减量施肥对苹果梨叶片养分和土壤性状变化规律的影响,以期为延边地区苹果梨合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:在合理范围内减量施肥可以提高叶片叶绿素含量,且养分含量仍处于正常范围内;苹果梨叶片中P含量与N、K含量呈极显著正相关,与Ca、Mg含量呈显著负相关,N含量与K含量呈显著正相关,与Ca含量呈极显著负相关,Ca含量与K含量呈显著负相关,与Mg含量呈极显著正相关。减量施肥能明显降低化肥投入,有效改善果园土壤性质,提高土壤酶活性,有利于改善土壤微环境,且对树体生长无不利影响。综合分析,以CF1效果最佳,可在实际生产中推广。Pingguoli’was used as the test material,and four treatments were set,CK (no fertilization),CF1 (1kg·plant),CF2 (3kg·plant),and CF3 (5kg·plant).The Pearson correlation analysis method was used,the effects of reduced fertilization on leaf nutrients and soil properties of‘Pingguoli’were studied,in order to provide reference for rational fertilization of‘Pingguoli’in Yanbian area.The results showed that reduced fertilization within a reasonable range could increase the chlorophyll content of leaves,and the nutrient content was still in the normal range;the P content in‘Pingguoli’leaves was significantly positively correlated with the N and K contents,and significantly negatively correlated with the Ca and Mg contents.There was a significant positive correlation between N content and K content,a very significant negative correlation with Ca content,a significant negative correlation between Ca content and K content,and a very significant positive correlation with Mg content.Reduced fertilization could significantly reduce the input of chemical fertilizers,effectively improve the soil properties of the orchard,increase the activity of soil enzymes,which was conducive to improving the soil microenvironment,and had no adverse effect on the growth of trees.Comprehensive analysis showed that CF1 had the best effect and could be promoted in actual production.

关 键 词：减量施肥 苹果梨 叶片养分 土壤性状 Pearson相关性 

分 类 号：S661.9[农业科学—果树学]