采煤沉陷区不同林分枯落物分解速率及养分动态变化  

Decomposition Rate of Litter and Dynamic Change of Nutrients in Different Stands in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

作　　者：王浩 党晓宏 蔺博 焦倩 赵哲 刘二文 WANG Hao;DANG Xiaohong;LIN Bo;JIAO Qian;ZHAO Zhe;LIU Erwen(College of Desert Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018;Hangjin National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Desert Ecosystem,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017400;Shaanxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710000;Branch of Fugu,Yulin Ecological Environment Bureau of Shaanxi Province,Yulin,Shaanxi 719400;Wulanqab Agricultural and Forestry Research Institute,Wulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017400 [3]陕西省环境科学研究院,陕西西安710000 [4]陕西省榆林市生态环境局府谷分局,陕西榆林719400 [5]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古乌兰察布012000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第19期87-93,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项资助项目(zdzx2018058)。

摘　　要：以神府煤田李家塔煤矿风沙采煤沉陷区主要修复林种沙柳、小叶杨及沙柳-小叶杨混交林枯落物为试材,采用野外分解袋试验,研究了枯落物来源和土壤类型对枯落物分解速率以及枯落物元素释放规律的影响,以期为区域生态修复提供参考依据。结果表明:沙柳林枯落物k值在240 d处达到峰值0.180,混合枯落物的k值在180 d增加为0.125;小叶杨林枯落物k值在240 d处达到峰值0.124。在同一时间处理下,枯落物全氮含量表现为沙柳林>混合枯落物>小叶杨林;有机碳含量由高到低为沙柳林>混合枯落物>小叶杨林;沙柳枯落物全磷含量在60 d处达到峰值(0.979 g·kg^(-1) ),C/N为57.86~75.18。即60 d>CK>120 d>180 d,在60 d达到最大值(78.88),180 d达到最小值(57.86);混合枯落物C/N为72.89~92.01,在120 d达到峰值;小叶杨枯落物在180 d达到最低值77.22。采煤沉陷区沙柳林枯落物具有更高的分解速率和回归土壤养分能力。The litter samples of Salix psammophila,Populus simonii Carr and Salix psammophila-Populus simonii Carr mixed forest in the subsidence area of Lijiata coal mine in Shenfu Coalfield were collected and used as the materials in a field litter decomposition experiment with decomposition bags, the effects of litter sources and soil type on decomposition rate and dynamic characteristics of nutrient release of litter were investigated, in order to provide reference for regional ecological restoration.The results showed that the k value of Salix psammophila litter reached the peak of 0.180 at 240 days, and the k value of mixed litter increased to 0.125 at 180 days;k value of litter in Populus simonii Carr forest reached a peak of 0.124 at 240 days.At the same time, the total nitrogen content of litter was Salix psammophila forest>mixed litter>Populus simonii Carr forest.Organic carbon content from high to low was Salix psammophila forest>mixed litter>Populus simonii Carr forest.The total phosphorus content of Salix psammophila litter reached its peak at 60 days(0.979 g·kg^(-1) ),and its C/N was 57.86-75.18.That was, 60 days>CK>120 days>180 days, reaching the maximum value(78.88) in 60 days and the minimum value(57.86) in 180 days.The C/N ratio of mixed litter was 72.89-92.01,which reached the peak at 120 days.The litter of Populus simonii reached the lowest value of 77.22 in 180 days.The litter of Salix psammophila forest in coal mining subsidence area had higher decomposition rate and ability to return to soil nutrients, which provided reference for regional ecological restoration.

关 键 词：枯落物 分解速率 生态化学计量 风沙采煤沉陷区 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]