低温热水地面供暖系统在犊牛舍的应用效果研究  

Research on the application effects of low-temperature hot-water floor heating system in calf barn

作　　者：任方杰 张若琪 刘芮兵 刘继军[1] REN Fangjie;ZHANG Ruoqi;LIU Ruibing;LIU Jijun(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第19期1-8,共8页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501800,2019YFE0125400);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：为了满足冬季犊牛对热环境的需求,试验设计了低温热水地面供暖系统,于2021年1月1—31日在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县某牛场进行应用试验,选取48头2~3月龄未断奶犊牛,均分后于试验栏和对照栏饲养,两个栏位犊牛的饲养管理方式相同,饲养栏铺设上述供暖系统,进行环境指标、犊牛生产性能及系统运行情况分析。结果表明:低温热水地面供暖系统24 h固有能耗系数为0.69,属于节能设备。与对照栏相比,试验栏地面温度极显著高于对照拦(P<0.01),空气相对湿度显著或极显著高于对照栏(P<0.05或P<0.01),空气温度、CO_(2)和NH_(3)浓度两个栏位差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验栏犊牛平均日增重提升0.25 kg,与对照栏相比差异显著(P<0.05)。低温热水地面供暖系统对犊牛腹泻有辅助治疗作用,试验栏犊牛的腹泻治愈率比对照栏高。在犊牛自由选择躺卧区域的时间内,选择供暖区的犊牛数量比非供暖区多。说明低温热水地面供暖系统在犊牛舍的应用效果明显。In order to meet the needs of calves for thermal environment in winter,in this experiment,a set of low-temperature hot-water floor heating system was designed and installed in the calf barn.The experiment was carried out in a cattle farm in Duolun County,Xilin Gol League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 1 to 31,2021.482-3 month old unweaned calves were selected and divided evenly into test pen and control pen.The feeding and management methods of calves in the two pens were the same.The feeding pens were laid with the heating system above and environmental indicators,calf performances and system operation were analyzed.The results showed that the 24 h inherent energy consumption coefficient of low-temperature hot-water floor heating system was 0.69,which belonged to energy-saving equip⁃ment.Compared with control pen,the floor temperature of test pen was very significantly higher than that of control pen(P<0.01);the rela⁃tive air humidity was significantly or very significantly lower than that of control pen(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the difference between air tem⁃perature and concentration of CO_(2),NH_(3)was not significant between the two pens(P>0.05).The average daily gain of calves in test pen in⁃creased by 0.25 kg,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Low-temperature hot-water floor heating system had an auxiliary treatment effect on calf diarrhea.The cure rate of diarrhea of calves in test pen was higher than that in control pen.During the time of calves’free choice,more calves chose the heating area than the non-heating area.The results suggested that the application effect of low-temperature hot-water floor heating system in calf barn was remarkable.

关 键 词：犊牛 低温热水地面供暖系统 冬季 供暖 热环境 节能 行为 

分 类 号：S817.5[农业科学—畜牧学]