青海地区欧拉羊本品种选育效果分析  

Analysis on selective breeding effect of Oula sheep breed in Qinghai area

作　　者：吴森 余忠祥 阎明毅[1,2,3] 张强龙 WU Sen;YU Zhongxiang;YAN Mingyi;ZHANG Qianglong(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [3]青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第19期45-53,共9页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：青海省重大科技专项(2021-NK-A5);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-38);牧科院基本科研业务费自主选题项目(MKY-2019-05,MKY-2019-04);高寒草地生态畜牧业信息化管理平台建设及优化项目(2018-SF-110)

摘　　要：为了评价近年来青海地区欧拉羊本品种选育效果,试验收集了2016—2019年间测定的不同年龄阶段1889只欧拉羊的体型性状数据,其中8月龄(幼龄期)1447只,18月龄(育成期)186只,36月龄(成年期)256只,采用One-Way ANOVA分析体重和体尺表型变化,采用Games Howell检验进行配对比较,用以评估欧拉羊本品种选育效果。结果表明:经过4年的选育,幼龄期欧拉羊2019年体重、体高、体长、胸围性状分别为(40.97±7.62)kg、(73.53±5.10)cm、(74.34±5.53)cm和(88.50±7.02)cm,与2016年比较,平均增长了1.38 kg、2.62 cm、1.75 cm和1.03 cm,平均增长量为3.73%、3.88%、2.63%和1.23%;而育成期欧拉羊2019年体重、体高、体长、胸围性状分别为(62.58±8.61)kg、(81.69±6.76)cm、(81.44±6.22)cm和(103.74±6.53)cm,与2016年比较,平均增长了5.89 kg、5.27 cm、5.48 cm和5.89 cm,平均增长量为9.64%、7.09%、7.46%和6.02%;成年欧拉羊2019年体重、体高、体长、胸围性状分别为(82.93±7.07)kg、(89.14±7.13)cm、(85.00±4.31)cm和(113.86±5.55)cm,与2016年比较平均增长了2.47 kg、4.00 cm、1.93 cm和4.27 cm,平均增长量为3.06%、5.04%、2.40%和4.03%。说明通过多年的本品种选育,欧拉羊群体表型更加优良,各阶段群体体重、体高、体长和胸围均得到不同程度的提高,其中育成期欧拉羊体况提升最明显,总体选育效果显著。In order to evaluate the selective breeding effect of Oula sheep breed in Qinghai area in recent years,the data of body type traits of Oula sheep at different ages measured from 2016 to 2019 were collected in the experiment.There were a total of 1889 Oula sheep,including 14478-month-old(juvenile),18618-month-old(growing),and 25636-month(adult)Oula sheep.One-Way ANOVA was used to ana⁃lyze the changes in body weight and body size phenotype;Games Howell test was used to compare the two groups to evaluate the selective bree⁃ding effect of Oula sheep breed.The results showed that under the selection and improvement in the past 4 years,the weight,height,length and chest circumference traits of Oula sheep in juvenile period in 2019 were(40.97±7.62)kg,(73.53±5.10)cm,(74.34±5.53)cm and(88.50±7.02)cm,respectively;compared with 2016,the average increase was 1.38 kg,2.62 cm,1.75 cm,1.03 cm,and the average in⁃creasing percentage was 3.73%,3.88%,2.63%and 1.23%.The weight,height,length and chest circumference traits of Oula sheep in growing age in 2019 were(62.58±8.61)kg,(81.69±6.76)cm,(81.44±6.22)cm and(103.74±6.53)cm,respectively;compared with 2016,the average increase was 5.89 kg,5.27 cm,5.48 cm,5.89 cm,and the average increasing percentage was 9.64%,7.09%,7.46%,6.02%.The weight,height,length and chest circumference traits of Oula sheep in adult age in 2019 were(82.93±7.07)kg,(89.14±7.13)cm,(85.00±4.31)cm and(113.86±5.55)cm,respectively;compared with 2016,the average increase was 2.47 kg,4.00 cm,1.93 cm,4.27 cm,and the average increasing percentage was 3.06%,5.04%,2.40%,4.03%.The results suggested that after years of se⁃lective breeding of this breed,the phenotype of the Oula sheep population was better,and the body weight,body height,body length and chest circumference of the population at each stage had been improved to varying degrees.Among them,the body condition of Oula sheep improved most obviously during the growing period,and the overall selective breeding effect was remarkable.

关 键 词：欧拉羊 体型性状 体重 体尺 本品种选育 藏羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]