2021年广西柳州市规模肉鸭养殖场高致病性禽流感监测  

Surveillance on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Large-scaled Meat-type Duck Farms in Liuzhou City,Guangxi in 2021

作　　者：梁竞臻 王翠 覃艳然 周师师 许宗丽[1] 马小蓉[1] 卢军 黄小武[1] 李志源[1] 严斯刚[1] Liang Jingzhen;Wang Cui;Qin Yanran;Zhou Shishi;Xu Zongli;Ma Xiaorong;Lu Jun;Huang Xiaowu;Li zhiyuan;Yan Sigang(Liuzhou Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545005,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州市动物疫病预防控制中心,广西柳州545005

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2022年第12期5-11,共7页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为科学评估柳州市规模化养殖环境下肉鸭的高致病性禽流感(H5和H7亚型)免疫抗体水平和疫情发生风险,采用血凝抑制试验(HI)和荧光PCR方法,对2021年全市各县区肉鸭规模养殖场采集血清样品、喉头/泄殖腔棉拭子分别进行抗体和病原检测,并对检测结果进行不同血清型、不同县区、不同季度的统计对比分析。结果显示:H5亚型免疫抗体总合格率为76.48%(3 472/4 540),平均滴度为5.52log2,H7亚型免疫抗体总合格率为68.00%(3 087/4 540),平均滴度为4.20log2;经卡方检验,H5亚型免疫抗体总合格率显著高于H7亚型(P <0.01)。所有病原样品中均未检测到H5和H7亚型高致病性禽流感病毒。禽流感免疫抗体合格率在不同区域间存在一定差异,其中县级地区的免疫抗体总合格率显著高于城区(P <0.01)。不同季度的禽流感抗体总体合格率依次为第四季度>第二季度>第一季度>第三季度。结果表明:柳州市规模肉鸭养殖场的H5、H7亚型禽流感免疫效果整体良好,发生高致病性禽流感的风险较低;但仍需全年持续加强禽流感免疫监测和风险评估,部分城区应着重做好补免和加强免疫工作,从而构筑有效的免疫屏障,防止禽流感疫情发生,保障养禽业健康发展。In order to scientifically evaluate the level of immune antibodies against highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI,H5 and H7 subtypes)in meat-type ducks and possible risk of outbreak under the condition of large-scale breeding in Liuzhou City,serum samples and throat/cloaca swabs were collected from duck farms across the city in 2021 for detection of antibodies and pathoges by hemagglutination inhibition test(HI)and fluorescent PCR assay,followed by statistical comparative analysis on the test results according to different serotypes,counties/districts and quarters. The results showed that the total qualified rates of the antibodies against H5 and H7 subtypes were 76.48%(3 472/4 540)and 68.00%(3 087/4 540)with the average titers of 5.52log2 and 4.20log2,respectively;it was compared that,through Chi square test,the former was obviously higher than the latter(P < 0.01). No H5 or H7subtype virus was detected in any pathogenic samples. The qualified rate of antibodies against avian influenza(AI)was different depending on different regions,especially that at county level was significantly higher than that at urban level(P < 0.01). The total qualified rate in different quarters in sequence was the fourth > the second > the first > the third. In conclusion,the immune effect of H5 and H7 subtype AI was generally good in Liuzhou City,with relatively low risk of HPAI outbreak;but it was still necessary to strengthen monitoring and risk assessment throughout the year,and focus on supplementary and intensive immunization in some urban areas,so as to build an effective immune barrier to prevent any occurrence of AI outbreak,and to ensure healthy development of poultry industry.

关 键 词：高致病性禽流感 肉鸭 规模场 抗体检测 病原监测 

分 类 号：S852.23[农业科学—基础兽医学]