河南省濮阳市犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌分离鉴定及生物学特性分析  

Isolation and Identification of Diarrheal E. coli in Calves in Puyang City,Henan Province and Analysis on the Biological Characteristics

作　　者：赵朋宽 Zhao Pengkuan(Nanle Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Nanle,Henan 457400,China)

机构地区：[1]南乐县农业农村局,河南南乐457400

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2022年第12期26-30,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为了解河南省濮阳市致犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌的致病性、血清型、生物被膜形成能力及耐药性等生物学特性,对2018-2020年采集的243份腹泻犊牛肛拭子以及粪便、肝脏等病料样品进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定,采用人工感染小鼠试验、玻板凝集试验以及结晶紫微孔板法和K-B药敏纸片法,对分离的致病性大肠杆菌进行相关特性检测。结果显示:从243份病料样品中分离到87株致病性大肠杆菌,致病性大肠杆菌分离率为35.8%(87/243);分离的致病性大肠杆菌分属于14种血清型,其中O101(18.4%)、O38(17.2%)和O142(14.9%)为优势血清型;分离的致病性大肠杆菌中,被膜形成能力强的24株(26.6%),中等的34株(43.6%),弱的17株(19.5%),不形成的12株(15.4%);分离的致病性大肠杆菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、链霉素10种药物的耐药率较高,均在49.4%以上。结果表明:致病性大肠杆菌在濮阳市可能呈地方性流行,O101、O38、O142为犊牛源优势血清型;该地的致病性大肠杆菌外界生存能力较强,且对多种临床常用药物产生了耐药性。因此,应采取综合防控措施,科学使用敏感抗菌药物,研制优势血清型多价疫苗,加强犊牛大肠杆菌性腹泻的防控。In order to identify the pathogenicity,serotype,biofilm forming ability,drug resistance and other biological characteristics of Escherichia coli(E. coli)leading to diarrhea in calves in Puyang City,Henan Province,243 samples of anal swabs,feces,livers and other lesions were collected from the diseased calves from 2018 to 2020 for isolation and identification of E. coli,then the isolates were detected by test of artificial infection in mice,slide agglutination test,crystal violet microplate test and K-B susceptibility test. The results showed that 87 strains of pathogenic E. coli were isolated from 243 samples,with an isolation rate of 35.8%(87/243);the isolates belonged to 14 serotypes,respectively,in which,O101(18.4%),O38(17.2%)and O142(14.9%)were dominant;for the level of membrane forming ability,24(26.6%),34(43.6%),17(19.5%)and 12(15.4%)strains were strong,medium,weak and none,respectively;the isolates were highly resistant to 10 kinds of drugs such as amoxicillin,ampicillin and streptomycin,and the rates of drug resistance were all more than 49.4%. In conclusion,the pathogenic E. coli might be endemic in the city,O101,O38 and O142 were dominant,with strong external survival ability and resistance to several clinical drugs commonly used. It was therefore recommended to take comprehensive control measures,scientifically use sensitive antibacterial drugs,develop multivalent vaccines for superior serotypes,and to strengthen future prevention and control of colibacillosis diarrhea in calves.

关 键 词：致泻性大肠杆菌 犊牛 致病性 血清型 生物被膜 耐药性 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]