2021年全球口蹄疫流行状况及特点  

Analysis on Global Prevalence and Characteristics of Foot-and-mouth Disease in 2021

作　　者：孙映雪[1,2] 宋建德 张秀娟[1,2] 王梦瑶 郑雪光[1] Sun Yingxue;Song Jiande;Zhang Xiujuan;Wang Mengyao;Zheng Xueguang(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China;Key Laboratory for Animal Biosafety Risk Warning and Control(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032 [2]农业农村部动物生物安全风险预警及防控重点实验室(南方),山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2022年第12期50-53,共4页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：根据世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)全球动物卫生数信息据库(WAHIS)和世界口蹄疫参考实验室(WRLFMD)数据,统计分析2021年全球口蹄疫流行状况及特点。2021年全球有27个国家和地区(亚洲17个、非洲9个、欧洲1个)报告发生口蹄疫疫情或分离到口蹄疫病毒,累计报告疫情1 778起,发病动物14.2万头/只。全球口蹄疫疫情主要集中在亚洲和非洲,其中巴基斯坦、伊朗、沙特、蒙古国、南非等国家疫情严重;全年各月份均有疫情报告,其中5-6月报告疫情最多;羊和牛病例数居多,合计占总病例数的97.0%;O型口蹄疫疫情分布广泛,表明该型病毒是亚非地区的优势血清型;不同血清型毒株流行区域有进一步扩大趋势。综上,2021年亚非局部地区口蹄疫流行依然严重,全球实现无口蹄疫的目标任务依然艰巨。全球疫情形势提示,我国需要按照国家口蹄疫防治计划持续做好口蹄疫防控,逐步推进口蹄疫免疫无疫区建设工作。The global prevalence and characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)in 2021 were summarized and analyzed based on the animal health database(WAHIS)of World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH)and the data provided by World Reference Laboratory of Foot-and-mouth Disease(WRLFMD). In 2021,FMD outbreak or isolation of FMD virus were reported in 27 countries and regions(including 17 in Asia,9 in Africa and 1 in Europe),involving 1 778 outbreaks and 142 000 infected animals. The outbreaks were mainly distributed in Asia and Africa,especially the countries including Pakistan,Iran,Saudi Arabia,Mongolia and South Africa;the outbreaks were reported in all months throughout the whole year,especially from May to June;the cases of sheep and cattle accounted for 97.0%,FMD type O(FMD-O),as a dominant serotype in Asia and Africa,was widely distributed;the prevalence range of virus strains of different serotypes were tended to increase. In conclusion,FMD was still seriously prevalent in some regions in Asia and Africa in 2021,which made the global goal of FMD-free status arduous to be reached. It was therefore recommended,in view of the status of global outbreaks,to make further efforts to prevent and control FMD in accordance with national plan of FMD prevention and control and to gradually promote the construction of FMD free zone with vaccination.

关 键 词：口蹄疫 流行状况 流行特点 全球 

分 类 号：S851.31[农业科学—预防兽医学]