宿主抗新孢子虫感染的免疫机制研究进展  

Progress on Immune Mechanisms of Hosts against Infection with Neospora caninum

作　　者：陶德良 赵姗姗 陈曦[1] 陈金铭 杨新 宋军科[1] 赵光辉[1] TAO De-liang;ZHAO Shan-shan;CHEN Xi;CHEN Jin-ming;YANG Xin;SONG Jun-ke;ZHAO Guang-hui(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2022年第12期104-108,共5页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022NY-097);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2021TD-31)。

摘　　要：新孢子虫病是一种危害世界养牛业的重要动物原虫病,其病原为顶复门寄生原虫新孢子虫,主要造成牛、羊等反刍动物的流产。目前缺少可以用来预防或治疗新孢子虫病的疫苗和药物,究其原因,主要是由于对新孢子虫致病机制的认识有限。研究表明,新孢子虫感染导致流产的机制与母胎界面的炎症以及感染刺激宿主细胞介导的免疫反应有关。先天免疫反应中的模式识别受体在识别新孢子虫感染中起着关键作用,并进一步激活下游的多种级联信号通路;适应性免疫中的Th1型细胞免疫在抗新孢子虫入侵以及清除新孢子虫中也发挥着至关重要的作用。论文主要综述模式识别受体、先天免疫途径以及细胞免疫等在宿主抵抗新孢子虫感染中的研究进展,以期为后续新孢子虫致病机制的深入研究及防控措施的开发提供参考。Neosporidiosis is an important animal protozoan disease endangering the world's cattle industry,with the pathogen Neospora caninum,a parasitic protozoan parasite of Apicomplexa,leading to the abortion of ruminants,such as cattle and sheep.Currently,there have been lack of vaccines and drugs that can be used to prevent and control neosporidiosis,and the main reason is the poor understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of neosporidiosis.Several studies have shown that the mechanism of abortion caused by N.caninum infection is related to the inflammation at the maternal fetal interface and stimulation of host cell-mediated immune response due to infection,and the pattern recognition receptors in innate immune response play a key role in identifying N.caninum infection,and further activating multiple cascade signal pathways downstream.In addition,Th1 type cell immunity in adaptive immunity also plays an important role in anti-infection and elimination of N.caninum.Here,we mainly summarize the research progress of pattern recognition receptors,innate immune pathways and cellular immunity in the host anti-infection to N.caninum,in order to provide references for further research on the pathogenic mechanisms of N.caninum.

关 键 词：新孢子虫 先天免疫 模式识别受体 信号通路 Th1型细胞免疫 

分 类 号：S852.723[农业科学—基础兽医学] S858.23[农业科学—兽医学]