尼帕病毒感染和传播机制  

Progress on Infection and Transmission Mechanism of Nipah Virus

作　　者：程国华 陈云蕾 张帅[2] CHENG Guo-hua;CHEN Yun-lei;ZHANG Shuai(Management Center of Unregulated Equine Epidemic Area of Tonglu County,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,311500,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan,450046,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市桐庐县无规定马属动物疫病区管理中心,浙江杭州311500 [2]河南农业大学动物医学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2022年第12期109-114,共6页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南农业大学优秀研究生国内外联合培养基金项目。

摘　　要：尼帕病毒(NiV)是一种重要的新发人与动物共患病原,能够感染包括人在内的多种动物,引起尼帕病毒病(NVD)。NVD最早于1998年在马来西亚暴发,之后在新加坡、孟加拉国引起流行,2019年印度NVD疫情暴发,NVD再次引起世界各国的广泛关注。NVD对人和动物致死率较高,且存在跨物种传播的现象。目前我国尚无NVD的相关报道,但由于毗邻我国的东南亚各国均出现过NVD报道,NVD也是我国重点关注和预防的人与动物共患病之一。近年来,各国研究机构针对NiV的研究取得了较大的进展,论文主要从NiV的病毒基本结构、感染机制、传播途径、免疫逃逸方式等方面综述NiV传播机制的研究进展,以期为NiV的研究及防控提供参考。Nipah virus(NiV)is an important emerging zoonotic agent that can infect a variety of animals including humans and cause Nipah virus disease(NVD).NVD was first reported in Malaysia in 1998,followed by an epidemic in Singapore and Bangladesh.In 2019,the outbreak of NVD in India again attracted widespread attention around the world.NVD has a high fatality rate in humans and animals and has cross-species transmission.At present,there is no related report of NVD in China,but NVD has been reported in southeast Asian countries close to China,and NVD is also an important zoonotic disease to focus on and prevent in China.In recent years,research institutions of various countries have made great progress in NiV research reports.In this paper,the research progress on transmission mechanism of NiV was summarizedfrom the aspects of basic structure of NiV virus,infection mechanism,transmission pathway,immune escape,in order to provide a reference for NiV researchers and prevention and control and help the public to better understand NiV.

关 键 词：尼帕病毒病 尼帕病毒 感染机制 传播途径 免疫逃逸 

分 类 号：S852.659.5[农业科学—基础兽医学] S855.99[农业科学—兽医学]