20世纪30年代之后现实主义创作方法在中国的确立与发展  

The Establishment and Development of Realistic Creation Methods in China after the 1930s

作　　者：赵炎秋[1] 樊祥 Zhao Yanqiu;Fan Xiang(College of Literature,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期31-41,共11页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色文学理论建构的历史经验研究”(项目批准号:18ZDA278)的阶段性成果;2022年湖南省研究生科研创新重点项目“百年中国现实主义创作方法研究”的研究成果。

摘　　要：西方现实主义理论自晚清民初引进中国以来,历来是聚讼纷纭的话题。作为一种创作方法,现实主义的确立是在20世纪30年代。40年代至70年代,现实主义历经“社会主义现实主义”、“两结合”、“三突出”的“浪漫化”与“左化”演变,其内涵逐渐被政治话语架空,遂发生变奏;与此同时,邵荃麟、秦兆阳等理论家也在坚守现实主义创作方法。80、90年代,现实主义呈现复兴之象,并在同现代主义、先锋派的竞争中曲折发展;而后因“新写实小说”、“现实主义冲击波”的崛起,现实主义再次走向写实。进入21世纪,现实主义继续成为主流,同时也出现了支流“网络文学的现实主义”和异流“神实主义”。回望百年中国现实主义的演化进路,不仅有助于厘清现实主义的发展逻辑,而且也助于烛照当下的文艺创作。Western realistic theory has always been a controversial topic since it was introduced into China in the late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China.As a creative method,realism was established in 1930s.From the 1950s to 1970s,realism experienced the evolution of“Romanticization”and“Leftism”of“Socialist Realism,”“Two Combinations”and“Three Outstandings,”and its connotation was gradually elevated by political discourse,which led to variations.Meanwhile,theorists such as Shao Quanlin and Qin Zhaoyang are also adhering to the realistic creation method.In the 1980s and 1990s,realism appeared to be revived and developed tortuously in competition with modernism and avant-garde;Later,with the rise of“New Realistic Novels”and“Realistic Shock Wave,”realism moved towards realism again.In the 21st century,realism stays in the mainstream,while a few substreams came into being,like“Realism of Network Literature”and“Magical Realism.”A review of the evolution of Chinese realism in the past century is not only helpful to clarify the development logic of realism,but also to shed light on the current literary and artistic creation.

关 键 词：现实主义 创作方法 中国文学 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]