不同海拔分布的滇牡丹种源花粉活力差异分析  

Analysis on the difference of pollen viability of Paeonia delavayi provenances at different altitudes

作　　者：宋静 王娟 杜春 李进 余潇[1] 罗子豪 潘悦 张鹏远 SONG Jing;WANG Juan;DU Chun;LI Jin;YU Xiao;LUO Zihao;PAN Yue;ZHANG Pengyuan(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Eco-Development Academy of Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Life Science,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学绿色发展研究院,昆明650224 [3]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [4]西南林业大学生命科学学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2022年第9期1675-1684,共10页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060089);云南省重大基础专项生物资源数字化开发应用项目(202002AA100007);云南省千人计划“高层次人才”专项(81210414);云南省万人计划“云岭产业技术领军人才”专项(2018-212)。

摘　　要：花粉活力是杂交育种等新品种培育中选配授粉品种的重要依据。本研究采用离体培养法研究花粉的萌发特性并筛选适合检测滇牡丹(Paeonia delavayi)花粉活力的最适培养基和染色试剂,据此比较不同海拔分布的滇牡丹种源人工培育种植植株与野生植株花粉活力的差异,旨在探讨滇牡丹花粉活力与其分布环境的相关性,以及不同种源花粉活力间的差异是否具有稳定的遗传性。结果表明:滇牡丹花粉萌发的最适培养基为150 g·L^(-1)蔗糖+30 mg·L^(-1) H_(3)BO_(3),其中H_(3)BO_(3)是影响花粉萌发的关键因子;醋酸洋红染色法可快速有效测定滇牡丹新鲜花粉活力;采集分布于海拔2230~3469 m间的滇牡丹植株,研究发现其花粉萌发率和花粉管长度随海拔高度升高分别呈降低和变短的趋势,且人工种植5年植株的花粉萌发率更高,花粉管更长,花粉活力也显示有随海拔升高生活力下降的趋势。Pollen vitality is an important basis for the selection of pollinated varieties in the breeding of new varieties such as hybrid breeding.In this study,the in vitro culture method was used to study the germination characteristics of pollen and to screen the most suitable medium and dyeing reagents for detecting pollen viability of Paeonia delavayi.According to this,the difference of pollen viability between cultivated and wild plants of the provenances of P.delavayi at different altitudes were compared,in order to investigate the correlation between the pollen viability of P.delavayi and its distribution environment,and whether the difference of pollen viability among different seed sources has stable heritability.The results show that the optimal medium for pollen germination of P.delavayi is 150 g·L^(-1)sucrose+30 mg·L^(-1)H_(3)BO_(3),among which H_(3)BO_(3)is a key factor affecting pollen germination.The acetic magenta staining method can quickly and effectively determine the vitality of fresh pollen.In the altitude range of 2230 to 3469 m,the pollen germination rate decreased,pollen tube length shortened with increasing altitude in the provenances of P.delavayi,and the pollen germination rate of the provenance plants of P.delavayi at the same altitude was artificially planted.The pollen germination rate was higher,and the length of the pollen tube was longer than those of the wild population.The pollen germination rate and pollen tube length of the plants planted for 5years were higher,and the pollen viability also showed a downward trend with the increase of the altitude.

关 键 词：滇牡丹 花粉萌发 花粉活力 测定方法 引种种植 

分 类 号：S685.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]