新型农业经营主体的农业保险需求及提升对策——基于全国11373个新型农业经营主体的调查  

Demands and Development Strategy of Agricultural Insurance for Scale Entities:Evidences from the 11373 Scale Agricultural Entities

作　　者：魏腾达 张峭[2] 王克 WEI Teng-da;ZHANG Qiao;WANG Ke

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院 [2]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 [3]中国农业再保险股份有限公司战略发展部

出　　处：《保险研究》2022年第8期48-59,共12页Insurance Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“农业保险保障水平提升的机理和路径研究:合约设计的视角”(72073132)资助。

摘　　要：新型农业经营主体已经成为我国农业规模化经营的重要力量,了解这类群体的保险需求对农业保险高质量服务现代农业具有重要意义。本文基于农业农村部新型农业经营主体信息直报系统对11373个新型农业经营主体的农业保险需求进行在线问卷调查。研究发现:当前我国新型农业经营主体参保率不足50%,有近八成经营主体曾中断投保,可保品种少和保险获赔金额低是主要原因;农业保险赔付额仅占生产损失的30.67%,理赔不规范问题在种植业中更为明显;提高保额是新型农业经营主体最迫切的需求,粮食主产省相比非主产省更希望提高查勘定损的公平程度。研究建议:稳步提升三大粮食作物完全成本和种植收入保险点范围,地方特色农产品保险可以探索形成“以奖代补”的新财政支持范式,采用“政策险+商业险”的模式提高除三大主粮外其他品种的保障水平,研究制定全国农业保险查勘定损技术标准规范,同时加强农业保险宣传力度。This paper conducted an online questionnaire survey on the agricultural insurance needs of scale agricultural entities based on the scale agricultural entities information system of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.The study finds that,the percentage of scale agricultural entities who have participated in insurance falls short of 50%,and nearly 80%of them have broken off participation,mainly due to fewer insurable varieties and low compensations;the amount of insurance compensation accounts for only 30.67%of the relevant losses,and irregular claims payment activities are prevalent in the crop farming fields.Therefore,the increase in sum assured is the most urgent demand,and in comparison with non-major crop producing provinces,major crop-producing provinces have a stronger hope for fairness in loss investigation and assessment.We suggest that,first of all,the pilot areas for the full cost and planting income insurance for the three major crops should be expanded steadily,and a new fiscal support paradigm of"reward replacing subsidy"can be explored for insurance of local agricultural products.Secondly we can explore the"policy insurance+commercial insurance"model to raise the protection level for crops other than the 3 major crops.Finally,it would be an effective way to formulate national technical standards on agricultural insurance surveys and damage assessment,and strengthen the publicity of agricultural insurance.

关 键 词：农业保险 新型农业经营主体 保险需求 保险损失补偿 保额 

分 类 号：F840.66[经济管理—保险]