农村集体经济的富民效应研究--基于物质富裕和精神富裕的双重视角  

Study on the Enrichment Effect of Rural Collective Economy:The Dual Perspective of Physical and Spiritual Affluence

作　　者：孙雪峰[1] 张凡 SUN Xuefeng;ZHANG Fan

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学金善宝农业现代化发展研究院/金融学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期183-194,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：南京农业大学金善宝农业现代化发展研究院2021年度智库研究课题“江苏省新型农村集体经济发展路径与机制研究”(YZKKT2021005);国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代我国农村贫困性质变化及2020年后反贫困政策研究”(19ZDA117);国家自然科学基金应急项目“脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的政策体系研究”(72141011)。

摘　　要：生活富裕是乡村振兴战略的根本,也是最终的民生目标,农村集体经济作为组织农民最有力的制度条件,其富民效应是“三农”的重要议题之一。利用2020年南京农业大学的中国土地经济调查数据,运用计量经济学模型评估了农村集体经济的富民效应并探索其作用机制。研究发现:第一,农村集体经济的发展壮大能够实现富民效应,即农村集体经济发展不仅能够提升农户的收入水平,还可以提升其幸福感。第二,在作用机制上,村集体经济能够通过提高农户财产性收入和非农就业水平,进而影响农户的物质富裕水平;村集体经济还能通过提升公共服务和非农就业水平,从而提升农户精神富裕水平。第三,拓展性分析发现,在实行农村集体产权制度改革地区,村集体经济的富民效应更加明显;从共同富裕视角来看,农村集体经济发展目前还不能促使农户实现物质层面的共同富裕,但是可以实现精神层面的共同富裕。因此,今后村级集体经济应当稳步推进农村集体产权制度改革,盘活农村资源、资产、资金,最大限度激发农村集体经济活力,实现强村富民。Affluence of life is the root of rural revitalization strategy and the ultimate goal of people's livelihood.The rural collective economy,the most powerful institutional condition for organizing farmers,its enrichment effect is one of the important topics of three issues of agriculture.This paper used data from the China Land Economic Survey conducted by Nanjing Agricultural University in 2020 to evaluate the effect of rural collective economy on people's livelihood and explore the mechanism.The study found that,firstly,the development and growth of rural collective economy achieved the enrichment effect,i.e.,the development can not only improve the income level of farmers but also enhance their sense of well-being.Second,in terms of the mechanism of action,the rural collective economy improved the physical affluence of rural households by promoting their property income and non-farm employment;in addition,it also affected the spiritual affluence of rural households by improving the public services and non-farm employment.Third,the extended analysis showed that the enrichment effect of rural collective economy was more obvious in areas conducting the reform of rural collective property rights system.From the perspective of common prosperity,the development of rural collective economy cannot contribute to the physical level of common prosperity of farm households,but it can achieve the spiritual common prosperity.Therefore,in the future,rural collective economy should steadily promote the reform of property rights system,revitalize rural resources,assets and funds,then maximize the vitality of rural collective economy enrich villages and people.

关 键 词：村集体经济 农民富裕 财产性收入 公共服务 非农就业 

分 类 号：F321.32[经济管理—产业经济]