重庆稻油轮作区土壤养分状况评价  

Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Status in Rice-oilseed Rape Rotation Area of Chongqing

作　　者：杨崛园 方艺 委亚庆 何竞舟 张世浩 赵敬坤 付登伟 黄秀芬 刘邦银 李泽慧 习向银[1] YANG Jueyuan;FANG Yi;WEI Yaqing;HE Jingzhou;ZHANG Shihao;ZHAO Jingkun;FU Dengwei;HUANG Xiufen;LIU Bangyin;LI Zehui;XI Xiangyin(Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources,College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;The Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Chongqing,Chongqing 401121,China;The Agricultural Extension Center of Nanchuan District,Chongqing 408400,China;Grain and Oil Crop Technology Extension Station of Yongchuan District,Chongqing 402160,China;The Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Hechuan District,Chongqing 401519,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,土肥资源高效利用重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆401121 [3]重庆市南川区农业推广中心,重庆408400 [4]重庆市永川粮油作物技术推广站,重庆402160 [5]重庆市合川区农业技术推广站,重庆401519

出　　处：《土壤》2022年第5期936-944,共9页Soils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200100);国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22)资助。

摘　　要：在重庆稻油轮作区南川、永川和合川典型样田进行耕层土壤样品采集,并测定土壤有机质、全量及速效氮磷钾等20个养分指标来表征土壤肥力,同时采用SPSS软件进行因子–聚类分析,将所有样本的IFI值(土壤养分综合评价值)分为5个等级并进行土壤肥力评价。结果表明:3个稻油轮作区土壤酸化严重,有机质和全磷及有效磷含量较低,全氮、碱解氮、交换性钙和交换性镁及绝大多数微量元素含量丰富,但有效硼含量缺乏。因子分析显示,有效硼、碱解氮、有机质、速效钾、交换性钾、有效磷、pH和交换性钙是影响重庆稻油轮作区土壤肥力的主要因素。土壤养分综合评价IFI值的聚类分析表明,重庆稻油轮作区土壤肥力表现为南川>永川>合川,且南川以中高肥力为主,永川和合川以低肥力为主。Topsoil samples were collected from the typical fields under rice-oilseed rape rotation in Nanchuan,Yongchuan and Hechuan of Chongqing,and 20 soil indexes such as soil organic matter(OM),total and available contents of nitrogen(TN and AN),phosphorus(TP and AP)and potassium(TK and AK),the contents of exchangeable potassium(EK),sodium(ENa),calcium(ECa)and magnesium(EMg),and the contents of available silicon(ASi),boron(AB),iron(AFe),manganese(AMn),copper(ACu)and Zinc(AZn)were measured,factor cluster analysis was carried out by SPSS software,and then soil IFI(integrated fertility index)of all samples were calculated and divided into 5 grades for soil fertility evaluation.The results show that soils in the areas are seriously acidified,the contents of OM,TP and AP are low,and the contents of TN,AN,ECa,EMg and most trace elements are rich,but the content of AB is lack.Factor analysis shows that AB,AN,OM,AK,EK,AP,pH and ECa are the main factors affecting soil fertility.The cluster analysis shows that IFI is in the order of Nanchuan>Yongchuan>Hechuan,and soils in Nanchuan are mainly at the medium and high levels of fertility,while soils in Yongchuan and Hechuan are mainly at the low level of fertility.

关 键 词：稻油轮作 因子分析 聚类分析 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]