电力设备防除冰碳纤维复合元件的研究  

Research on Anti-deicing Carbon Fiber Composite Components for Power Equipment

作　　者：杨柳青 毛先胤 黄欢 牛唯 曾华荣 张露松 蒋兴良 YANG Liuqing;MAO Xianyin;HUANG Huan;NIU Wei;ZENG Huarong;ZHANG Lusong;JIANG Xingliang(Electric Power Research Institute of Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China;Key Laboratory of Ice Prevention&Disaster Reducing of China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China;Chongqing De-icing Group Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳550002 [2]南方电网有限责任公司防冰减灾重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]重庆地格科技有限责任公司,重庆400044

出　　处：《电力大数据》2022年第6期86-92,共7页Power Systems and Big Data

摘　　要：基于碳纤维丝束优良的电热性能,提出一种以T3001K碳纤维丝束为基质材料的电力设备防冰/除冰方法,对采用加热原理来实现防除冰效果的复合材料的制备提供了指导。提出的碳纤维复合元件由3层结构组成:绝缘隔热层、发热层和绝缘导热层;根据发热层结构设计,得到碳纤维复合元件等效电路模型,得到等效电阻;改变碳纤维丝束的排列布置方式,测试复合元件的电阻、温度、温升时间等电热性能。研究结果表明:碳纤维发热元件电阻性能稳定,材料整体发热较均匀;碳纤维复合元件不大于0.0174W/cm功率密度下几乎没有升温;功率密度为0.1130W/cm且总功率不超过4W时,加热2分12秒能达到50℃.1K相比其他型号的碳纤维在相同加热情况下功率更小。考虑面积功率密度时,试验发现,不同布置方式各有优劣,长边电极适用于电压小、电流大的场合;为减小功耗,采用1K型号、交叉网格布置比短边电极丝束簇、长边电极丝束簇和矩形网格面积功率密度小,效果更好。Based on the excellent electrothermal performance of carbon fiber tow, an anti-icing/deicing method for power equipment using T300 1 K carbon fiber tow as the matrix material is proposed, which provides guidance for the preparation of composite materials that use the heating principle to achieve the effect of anti-icing/deicing.The carbon fiber composite element is composed of three layers: insulation and heat insulation layer, heating layer and insulation and heat conduction layer.According to the structure design of the heating layer, the equivalent circuit model of the carbon fiber composite element is obtained, and the equivalent resistance is obtained.The electrical resistance, temperature and temperature rise time of the composite element were tested by changing the arrangement of carbon fiber tow.The results show that the resistance of the carbon fiber heating element is stable, and the overall heating of the material is uniform.There is almost no temperature rise when the power density of carbon fiber composite element is not greater than 0.0174 W/cm.When the power density is 0.1130 W/cm and the total power does not exceed 4 W,50 ℃ can be reached by heating for 2 minutes and 12 seconds.The power of 1 K carbon fiber is smaller than that of other models under the same heating condition.When considering the area power density, it is found that different arrangements have their advantages and disadvantages, and the long side electrode is suitable for situations with low voltage and large current;In order to reduce power consumption, the 1 K model and cross grid arrangement have smaller area power density and better effect than short side electrode cluster, long side electrode cluster and rectangular grid.

关 键 词：碳纤维 复合材料 电阻 电加热 网格 

分 类 号：TM203[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]