低蛋白质饲料中添加血根碱对草鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of Adding Sanguinarine in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Health of Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

作　　者：李宜芳 陈团 胡毅 石勇 钟蕾 LI Yifang;CHEN Tuan;HU Yi;SHI Yong;ZHONG Lei(Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization,College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院湖南省特色水产资源利用工程技术研究中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第11期7332-7341,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172985);蓝色粮仓重点专项“水产养殖动物新型蛋白源开发与高效饲料研制”(2019YFD0900200);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4044);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(QL20210161)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲料中添加血根碱对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道健康的影响。选择375尾初始体重为(91.04±0.37) g的草鱼,随机分为5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾鱼。设置蛋白质水平为30.00%的饲料为正常蛋白质组(CON组);降低正常蛋白质组饲料中鱼粉和豆粕水平,以蛋白质水平为28.00%的饲料为低蛋白质组,并在低蛋白质饲料中分别添加0(Sa0组)、200(Sa200组)、400(Sa400组)和800 mg/kg(Sa800组)的血根碱。试验期为8周。结果表明:1)除肥满度外,各组草鱼生长性能无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与CON组相比,Sa0组草鱼血清葡萄糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量有所降低(P>0.05);Sa800组血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯含量显著高于Sa0组(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,Sa0组草鱼肠道脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),Sa800组肠道钠钾ATP酶活性显著提高(P<0.05);Sa800组肠道脂肪酶和肌酸激酶活性显著高于Sa0组(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,Sa0组草鱼肠道超氧化物歧化酶活性和还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著降低(P<0.05);与Sa0组相比,Sa800组肠道超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,Sa0组草鱼肠道绒毛稀疏且绒毛出现断裂损伤;Sa800组草鱼肠道绒毛排列整齐度、密集度及绒毛宽度均有改善,且肠道绒毛无断裂损伤现象。综上所述,低蛋白质饲料中添加血根碱后能够促进草鱼脂肪代谢及对糖类的吸收,提高肠道消化酶活性和抗氧化能力,改善肠道组织形态结构,且以800 mg/kg添加水平效果较佳。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding sanguinarine in low protein diet on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and intestinal health of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).A total of 375 grass carp with an initial body weight of(91.04±0.37)g were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate.The diet with a protein level of 30.00% was set as normal protein group(CON group);the levels of fish meal and soybean meal in the normal protein group were reduced,and the diet with a protein level of 28.00% was set as the low-protein groups,which were supplemented with 0(Sa0 group),200(Sa200 group),400(Sa400 group)and 800 mg/kg(Sa800 group)sanguinarine,respectively.The trial lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in the growth performance of grass carp among all groups except for the condition factor(P>0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the serum contents of glucose,triglyceride and total cholesterol of grass carp in Sa0 group were decreased(P>0.05),and the serum contents of glucose and triglyceride in Sa800 group were significantly higher than those in Sa0 group(P < 0.05).3)Compared with CON group,the intestinal activities of lipase and amylase of grass carp in Sa0 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the intestinal sodium and potassium ATPase activity in Sa800 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);the intestinal activities of lipase and creatine kinase in Sa800 group were significantly higher than those in Sa0 group(P<0.05).4)Compared with CON group,the intestinal superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione content of grass carp in Sa0 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with Sa0 group,the intestinal activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the reduced glutathione content in Sa800 group were significantly increased(P < 0.05).5)Compared with the CON group,the intestinal villi of grass carp in Sa0 group were sparse and appea

关 键 词：血根碱 草鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]