我国医药代表发展史回溯  

Retrospection of the Development History of Pharmaceutical Sales Representatives in China

作　　者：吴焱斌 王岳[1] WU Yanbin;WANG Yue(School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing,China 100191)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国药业》2022年第22期1-7,共7页China Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：国家卫生健康委员会委托项目[20200249]。

摘　　要：目的从历史角度梳理和分析我国医药代表近10年的管治路径。方法运用医学社会史和医药政策史的分析方法,回顾性分析涉及上海施贵宝、西安杨森、大冢制药等案例的文献,并对葛兰素史克行贿案和2016年央媒揭批医药代表行贿案等案例进行纵向分析,做到史论结合。结果医药代表诞生之初,绝大多数从业者具备较深厚的医药理论知识,能以专家精英的形象协助医师合理用药,是国内医师了解医药学术前沿的桥梁。但该群体逐渐鱼龙混杂,许多从业者的医药知识匮乏、道德素质低下,医药代表也异化为围猎医师的行贿人。2012年起,商业贿赂不良记录、廉洁从业九项准则、“两票制”、集中采购、医药代表职业化管理、医药代表备案制、“三定一有”等措施纷纷出台,政府敦促医药代表回归学术推广、技术咨询等从业初心。结论医药代表是代表药品上市许可持有人从事药品信息传递、沟通、反馈的专业人员。我国应当以构建“亲清”医商关系为载体,促使医药代表重回“医药专家”形象,以学术推广助力医师合理用药。Objective To sort out and analyze the governance path of pharmaceutical sales representatives in China in recent ten years from a historical perspective.Methods By using the analysis method of medical social history and medical policy history,a retrospective analysis was made on the case literature of Shanghai Squibb,Xi'an Janssen,Otsuka Pharmaceutical,etc.,and a longitudinal analysis was made on the bribery case of GlaxoSmithKline and the bribery case of pharmaceutical sales representatives exposed and criticized by the central media in 2016,so as to achieve the combination of history and theory.Results Since the beginning of the pharmaceutical sales representatives,most of them had profound theoretical knowledge of medicine and assisted doctors in rational drug use with the image of expert elites,and they were bridges for domestic doctors to understand the academic frontier of medicine.However,the pharmaceutical sales representatives were gradually mixed up,many practitioners lack medical knowledge and moral quality,and pharmaceutical sales representatives were alienated as bribers who hunt doctors.Since 2012,measures such as bad records of commercial bribery,nine rules for honest employment,″two-invoice system″,centralized procurement,professional management of pharmaceutical sales representatives,filing system of pharmaceutical sales representatives,and″three determinations and one existence″have been issued by the government to urge pharmaceutical sales representatives to return to their original intentions of academic promotion and technical consultation.Conclusion Pharmaceutical sales representatives are professionals who are engaged in drug information transmission,communication and feedback on behalf of drug marketing license holders.China should take the construction of a reasonable relationship between doctors and businessmen as the carrier to promote the pharmaceutical sales representative to regain the image of″medical experts″,and help doctors use drugs rationally with academic promotion

关 键 词：医药代表 药品推广 医学社会史 医药政策史 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]