从大洪水到广土定居:最初“中国”形成的地理空间及文化考论  

From the Great Flood to the Wide Land Settlement:A Study of the Geospatial and Cultural Formation of the Primary“China”

作　　者：李双芬 Li Shuangfen

机构地区：[1]安阳师范学院历史与文博学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2022年第6期50-59,共10页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“殷墟卜辞神话资料整理与文化研究”(20BZS024);河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“殷墟卜辞中神话资料的文化考察研究”(2018BLS003)。

摘　　要：各类研究资料表明,公元前2000年前后是中国早期文明发展的一个转折点。在此时期,大范围的降温与洪水灾害改变了中国早期文明演进的多元化进程,中原周边诸早期文明因无力应对灾害而发生文化衰变与更迭。伴随着周边众多族群向中原地区的迁徙,早期诸文明的衰落、消亡与中原文明的勃兴同步发生,中原地区因为地理环境的优势发展起以二里头为中心的广土定居文明。中原文明吸收并借鉴了周边早期文明发展的经验教训,在治水的过程中形成世俗务实的文明演进模式。而“居中而治”和“天下”观念也基于中原定居文明而产生。在文化交流和族群融合的过程中,中原地区形成了新的文化共同体。祖先崇拜的发展、大一统观念的形成、国家制度与权威观念的成熟以及礼乐文化的成长等,使中原成为最初的“文化中国”。Various research data show that around 2000 BC is a turning point in the development of early Chinese civilization.During this period,a wide range of cooling and flood disasters changed the diversification process of the evolution of early Chinese civilization.The early civilizations around the Central China experienced cultural decay and alternate due to their inability to cope with disasters.With the migration of many surrounding ethnic groups to the Central China,the decline and demise of early civilizations coincided with the flourishing of the Central China civilization.Because of the advantages of geographical environment,the central area of China developed a wide land settlement civilization centered on Erlitou.The civilization of the Central China absorbed and drew lessons from the early civilization development of the surrounding areas,and formed a secular and practical civilization evolution model in the process of water control.The“Governing in the middle”and“world”concept is also based on the Central China settled civilization arising.In the process of cultural exchange and ethnic integration,the central area of China has formed a new cultural community.The development of ancestor worship,the formation of the concept of big unification,the central of the national system and the concept of authority,and the growth of the culture of rites and music made the central area of China the original“culture China”.

关 键 词：大洪水 广土定居 地理空间 文化中国 

分 类 号：K221[历史地理—历史学]