基于消力井井深变化下的旋流式竖井溢洪道底板脉动压强试验研究  

Experimental Study on Fluctuating Pressure of Bottom Plate of Vertical Shaft Spillway Based on Dissipation Well Depth Variation

作　　者：苟超 龙志 卜建魁 杨红宣[2] 罗玉珍 GOU Chao;LONG Zhi;BU Jiankui;YANG Hongxuan;LUO Yuzhen(Three Gorges Group China Huashui Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;School of Marxism,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡集团中国华水水电开发有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [3]西南政法大学马克思主义学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《水力发电》2022年第12期103-108,共6页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52069009);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0056)。

摘　　要：基于物理模型试验方法研究了不同消力井深度下的旋流式竖井溢洪道底板脉动压强幅值特性及频谱特性。研究结果表明,底板脉压强度与井深并非呈线性关系而是随井深的增加表现为先增加后减小的规律,底板脉压强度与能量耗散密切相关,在消力井深度为1.25 D的基础上继续加深并不能有效提高旋流式竖井的底板脉压强度,从而依靠增加消力井深度来提高竖井消能率是不合理的。脉动压强概率密度较标准正态分布偏左为正偏分布,偏态系数与井深的相关性较弱,峰态系数整体上呈现减小的趋势,但减小幅度随井深的增加有所减小。脉动压强优势频率随井深的增加其主频率带有所拓宽并逐渐向低频转移,脉动能量主要由低频大尺度涡旋决定,井径比ε=1.25时的脉动能量较ε=0.75时与ε=1.75时明显增多,能量耗散较快,建议消力井深度与直径比h/D在1.25左右。Based on physical model test method,the amplitude and spectral characteristics of fluctuating pressure on the bottom plate of vertical shaft spillway at different dissipation well depths are studied.The results show that the fluctuating pressure intensity of bottom plate is not linearly related to dissipation well depth,but firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of dissipation well depth,and the fluctuating pressure intensity is closely related to the energy dissipation.When the dissipation well depth is more than 1.25 D,the fluctuating pressure intensity of bottom plate cannot be continuously improved with the increase of well depth,so it is not reasonable to rely on increasing well depth to improve the energy dissipation rate of shaft.The probability density of fluctuating pressure intensity is positively skewed to the left of the standard normal distribution.The correlation between the skew coefficient and well depth is weaker,and the kurtosis coefficient shows an overall decreasing trend,but the decrease amplitude decreases with the increase of well depth.With the increase of well depth,the dominant frequency of fluctuating pressure expands and gradually shifts to low frequency,and the fluctuating energy is mainly determined by the low frequency large-scale vortices.The fluctuating energy at well diameter ratioε=1.25 is significantly higher than that atε=0.75 andε=1.75,and the energy dissipation is faster.It is recommended that the depth to diameter ratio h/D of the dissipation well is around 1.25.

关 键 词：消力井 井深 脉压强度 概率密度 频谱 物理模型试验 

分 类 号：TV131.6[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]