共价有机框架液体分离膜的研究进展  

Research Progress of Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Liquid-based Separations

作　　者：朱军勇[1,2] 陈田田[1,2] 韩双乔 张亚涛 ZHU Junyong;CHEN Tiantian;HAN Shuangqiao;ZHANG Yatao(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学先进功能材料制造教育部工程研究中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2023年第1期13-23,51,共12页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22108257,22178327)。

摘　　要：传统聚合物膜由于受到渗透通量与选择性的权衡关系的制约,严重阻碍了其在液体分离领域的进一步发展和应用。共价有机框架(covalent organic framework,COF)作为一类新兴的结晶多孔材料,在开发具有快速分子/离子传输和精准筛分领域具有很大的前景。从COF膜结构和表面理化性质出发,讨论了COF的孔径、稳定性、亲疏水性以及表面电荷对COF膜结构与性能的影响,并阐述了这些性质在膜分离过程中的重要作用,同时深入探讨了COF膜结构与功能之间的内在联系;简述了调控COF特性以优化膜性能的方法,主要包括筛选/预先设计单体合成COF膜和对COF膜进行合成后修饰的策略。此外,重点介绍了多种先进COF膜的制备策略:共混、原位生长、真空辅助过滤和界面聚合等,并且综述了COF膜在海水淡化、污水处理、有机溶剂纳滤和渗透能量转换等领域的最新研究进展。最后,从膜材料的制备与商业化需求等方面,指出了当前COF膜所面临的挑战、机遇和未来发展趋势,为新型功能性COF膜的“按需设计”提供了一定启示,并为COF膜在液体分离领域的发展和应用提供参考和借鉴。Due to the trade-off limit between membrane flux and selectivity,the development and application of tra-ditional polymer membranes in liquid separation are further impeded.Covalent organic frameworks(COF)are a newly emerging class of porous materials,which hold great promise for developing high-performance membranes with rapid molecule/ion transport and high-efficient liquid separations.In this review,the effects of pore size,sta-bility,hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and surface charge on the physicochemical properties,pore structures,and separation properties of COF structure-function relationship of COF membranes was discussed.The strategies of reg-ulating the COF properties to optimize membrane performance were briefly described,mainly including selection/pre-design of monomers to synthesize COF membranes and post-modification of COF membranes.In addition,the fabrication strategies of advanced COF membranes were highlighted:blending,in-situ growth,vacuum-assisted fil-tration and interfacial polymerization.Also,the latest research advances of COF membranes in seawater desalina-tion,sewage treatment,organic solvent nanofiltration and osmotic energy conversion were outlined.Finally,in view of membrane material preparation and commercialization requirements,the current challenges and future develop-ment trends of COF membranes were proposed,providing inspiration for the“on-demand design”of new functional COF membranes and useful guideline for the development and practical application of COF membranes for liquid separation.

关 键 词：共价有机框架膜 液体分离 界面聚合 制备与应用 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学] TQ028.[化学工程]