机车车辆限界与非黏着制动装置相关问题研究  

Study on the Issues Related to Rolling Stock Gauge Standards and Non-adhesion Brakes

作　　者：王可 丁福焰 王立超 王立宁 高立群 WANG Ke;DING Fuyan;WANG Lichao;WANG Lining;GAO Liqun(Beijing Zongheng Electro-Mechanical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China;Locomotive and Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京纵横机电科技有限公司,北京100094 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2022年第12期162-166,共5页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究计划重大课题(P2019J023);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目重大课题(2019YJ012)。

摘　　要：机车车辆限界标准的制定一般基于各国铁路的运营及技术装备特点,由于我国非黏着制动技术的研究及应用起步较晚,国内限界标准对相关问题的规定不明确,制约了机车车辆的升级换代和新设备的应用。近年来,非黏着制动技术的应用需求日益增长,对国内外现行的机车车辆限界标准以及非黏着制动相关的问题进行了系统对比分析,并对我国限界标准修订提出建议,为机车车辆和制动技术的发展提供依据。研究表明,国内外机车车辆限界的计算方法及下部限界规定均有差异,其中,欧洲限界标准充分考虑了近轨道区域以及与轨面接触区域的部件空间,是非黏着制动装置设计的重要依据;现有非黏着制动装置外形尺寸可满足我国限界标准的横向空间要求,但对于近轨面区域需进一步明确相关规定。The rolling stock gauge standards are generally based on the operation and technical equipment characteristics of railways in various countries. As the research and application of non-adhesive braking technology started late in our country, the domestic gauge standards are not specific on related issues, which restricts the upgrading of rolling stock and the application of new equipment. In recent years, the application demand for non-adhesive braking technology has been increasing. This article systematically compares and analyzes the current domestic and foreign rolling stock gauge standards and the problems related to non-adhesive braking, and puts forward suggestions on the revision of domestic gauge standards to provide a basis for the development of rolling stock and braking technology. The study shows that there are differences in calculation methods and lower part zone of rolling stock gauges at home and abroad. The European gauge standards fully considers the zones of components close to the track and in contact with the rails, which is an important basis for the design of non-adhesive braking devices. The external dimensions of the existing non-adhesive braking device can meet the horizontal space requirements of our country’s gauge standards, but the relevant regulations need to be further clarified on the zone close to rail surface.

关 键 词：机车车辆限界 非黏着制动装置 限界标准 对比分析 计算方法 

分 类 号：U260.22[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.35[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]