比较视野下知识产权惩罚性赔偿的价值省思  

Reflections on the Value of Punitive Damages in Intellectual Property Law from a Comparative Perspective

作　　者：许亮[1,2,3] Xu Liang

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学 [2]北京铸成(上海)律师事务所 [3]德国马克斯·普朗克创新与竞争研究所

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2022年第10期49-62,共14页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：德国洪堡基金会总理奖学金项目资助(CHN1217953)。

摘　　要：惩罚性赔偿的制度价值内嵌了秩序、自由、正义等法律的基本价值,但在不同法律语境和社会环境下所体现和侧重的价值取向存在差异。英美法下知识产权惩罚性赔偿的价值取向是通过追求实用和经验以促进个人和自由的最终实现。我国知识产权惩罚性赔偿的立法承载了清晰而厚重的政策导向,是我国在新时期、新形势下应对国际挑战和承担国际责任的一种价值表达,与建设知识产权强国战略紧密相连;是回应我国社会内在需求、外在压力、争取国际话语权、提升国际形象的举措之一。我国台湾地区惩罚性赔偿制度整体上欠缺体系性和法律原则性的思考,在价值判断上欠缺一致性,处于承袭和异化的中间地带。鉴于价值取向的差异性,我国大陆地区在适用知识产权惩罚性赔偿制度时应始终秉持谨慎态度,避免使立法适用走向困境。The institutional value of punitive damages embeds the fundamental values of a typical legal system, such as order, liberty, and justice. However, there are differences in the value orientation of punitive damages in different legal contexts and social environments. The value orientation of punitive damages in intellectual property law under Anglo-American law is consistent with that of the general punitive damages. It promotes the ultimate realization of personal value and liberty by pursuing practical and experience values. The legislative process of punitive damages in intellectual property law in China carries a clear and heavy policy orientation. It is an expression of China’s role in the new era of responding to international challenges and assuming global responsibilities, which is closely related to China’s national strategy of building an intellectual property power. It is one of the measures to respond to the internal needs of the society to some extent, and also to respond to external pressures, strive for the right to speak internationally, and enhance the international image. The system of punitive damages in Taiwan province, China lacks systemization and legal principles, lacks consistency in value judgment, and is in the middle of inheritance and alienation. Given the differences in value orientation, China’s mainland should always maintain a cautious attitude when applying punitive damages for intellectual property infringement to avoid difficulties in the application.

关 键 词：惩罚性赔偿 英美法系 价值取向 政策导向 价值困境 

分 类 号：D908[政治法律—法学理论] D913[政治法律—法学]