过敏性疾病诊治和预防专家共识(Ⅰ)  

Expert consensus on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases (Part Ⅰ)

作　　者：北京医学会过敏变态反应学分会 王良录[2] 张罗[3] 王学艳 王洪田 Allergy Branch of Beijing Medical Association;Wang Lianglu;Zhang Luo;Wang Xueyan(不详;Department of Allergy,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Nasal Allergy,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100005,China;Allergy Center,Beijing Shijitan Hospital Afiliated toCapitalMedicalUniversity,Beijing100038,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医院变态反应科,北京100730 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院鼻变态反应科,北京100005 [4]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院变态反应中心,北京100038

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2022年第10期1387-1394,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81670901, 81371074);北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项“扬帆”计划(ZYLX201826)。

摘　　要：过敏性疾病主要是由IgE介导的Ⅰ型变态反应, 可累及全身多个器官和系统, 可以贯穿人的一生, 有遗传易感性。由于我国大多数医院没有独立的过敏反应科, 因此, 由多学科专家制定的本共识将为过敏性疾病诊治和预防提供指导。本文为共识的第一部分, 内容包括名词定义、流行病学、发病机制、诊断、伴随疾病。过敏性疾病患病率呈快速暴增趋势, 患者越来越年轻化, 带来严重危害。先天免疫、卫生假说、微生态失衡、菌群失调、空气污染等参与发病。根据典型病史、家族史、症状、体征、过敏原检测、辅助检查等可明确诊断。必须检测过敏原。过敏性疾病经常伴随慢性鼻窦炎、分泌性中耳炎、鼾症、慢性阻塞性肺病等。Allergic diseases are mainly type I allergic reactions mediated by IgE,which can involve multiple organs and systems of the whole body,and run through a person′s whole life,with genetic susceptibility.Since most hospitals in China do not have independent allergy departments,this consensus established by multidisciplinary experts will provide guidance for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of allergic diseases.This article is the first part of the consensus,which includes the definition of terms,epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis and concomitant diseases.The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing rapidly,and the patients are getting younger,which brings serious harm.Innate immunity,hygiene hypothesis,microecological imbalance,flora imbalance,air pollution and so on are involved in the disease.The diagnosis can be made according to typical medical history,family history,symptoms,signs,allergen detection,auxiliary examination,etc.Allergens must be tested.It is often accompanied by chronic sinusitis,secretory otitis media,snoring,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,etc.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 诊断 治疗 预防 专家共识 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]