维尔纳·松巴特的“精神”概念:帕森斯最初的理论社会学志趣  

Sombart’s concept of“spirit”:Parsons’original aspiration in social theory

作　　者：王珩 WANG Heng

机构地区：[1]西北大学哲学学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期60-70,147,共12页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“‘关系学文献’暨早期德国微观社会学理论研究”(21YJC840024)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：二十世纪初,维尔纳·松巴特和马克斯·韦伯都曾探讨过“资本主义精神”的概念。他们分别以此为出发点在经济史学说中构建社会理论,并谨慎地保持着关于这一论题富有建设性和争议的长期交流。塔科特·帕森斯1925/26年在海德堡大学撰写的博士论文却尖锐地指出两人的精神学说具有根本的差别。在讨论松巴特的章节中,帕森斯呈现出其“精神”概念作为服务于生存需要的实践理性具有恰当的意识哲学结构,同时指出它始终建立在可疑的思想前提之上,没有能够把握到实践理性被现代社会所赋予的本质特征。帕森斯通过对两位先驱的学说进行辨别和批评,构建出自己在社会理论中的基本立场。2019年首次出版的博士论文德文原稿给我们带来了新的契机,以重新认识帕森斯早期理论工作的动机和总体思路。In the early 20^(th) century,both Werner Sombart and Max Weber discussed the“spirit of capitalism”.From there,they attempted to develop social theories within the framework of economic history and kept a long,productive yet controversial interaction.Talcott Parsons examined the fundamental differences between their“spirit”concepts in his doctoral dissertation written in Heidelberg in 1925/26.In the Chapter on Sombart,Parsons explicated Sombart’s concept of“spirit”:it was understood as practical rationality of self-preservation and was structured by the basic ideas of philosophy of consciousness.He also pointed out that this concept was based on suspicious premises,for Sombart eventually failed to get the specific feature of practical rationality demanded by modern society.Parsons established his own point of view by criticizing the two forerunners.The original German version of the dissertation first published in 2019 might shed light on Parsons’motivation in his early stage of thought.

关 键 词：塔科特·帕森斯 维尔纳·松巴特 经济学历史学派 精神 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]