基于回音壁微腔的非互易光子器件  

Nonreciprocal photonic devices based on whispering-gallery-modes microcavities

作　　者：汪昱 舒方杰 沈镇 柴诚哲[1,3] 张延磊 董春华 邹长铃[1,3] Yu Wang;Fangjie Shu;Zhen Shen;Chengzhe Chai;Yanlei Zhang;Chunhua Dong;Changling Zou(CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Henan Prowince Engineering Research Center of Microcavity and Photoeletric Itelligegd Sensing.School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering.Shanggiu Normal University,Shanggiu 476000,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Informaion and Qnuantuom Physics,Universiy of Science and Techmology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学,中国科学院量子信息重点实验室.合肥230026 [2]商丘师范学院电子电气工程学院,河南省微腔与光电智能传感工程研究中心,商丘476000 [3]中国科学技术大学,中国科学院量子信息和量子物理协同创新中心.合肥230026

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第28期3372-3385,共14页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12174056,11922411,11874342);中国科学技术大学青年创新基金资助

摘　　要：在经典或量子的光子信息处理光路中,隔离器、环形器等非互易器件被用来阻断背散光或构建复杂光路,是不可或缺的核心元件。基于法拉第效应的非互易光子元件已经在传统光路中被广泛应用,然而由于磁光材料不易在光子芯片上集成,如何在芯片上实现各种非互易光子器件成为一项挑战.因此,发展新的非互易光子器件原理是集成光学研究方向的一个重要科学问题。其中,利用体积小、品质因子高的光学微腔构造的非互易元件,能在低功耗驱动下有效控制光的传播方向,具有可集成的巨大优势,本文主要综述近期基于微腔的非互易光子器件研究进展,归纳非互易新原理和近期实验进展,最后分析现存的问题,展望未来的研究方向.Because the nonreciprocity has both theoretical and applicable prospects, it is desired to break through the restriction of the reciprocity principle for nonreciprocity optical transmission. Theoretically, the reciprocity principle is equivalent to the limited time reversal symmetry. To break the symmetry, the system should include nonlinearity, magneto-optical effects, or modulation in time. Some key components in the optical circuits, such as isolators, circulators, and phase shifters, are typical nonreciprocal devices. They are realized based on the Faraday effect of magneto-optical materials in traditional free-space optics. However, the magneto-optical materials are not naturally compatible with the integrated optics.Therefore, while pursuing the magneto-optical integration on a chip, people also devote to developing nonreciprocal theories and devices without magnetic materials.Whispering-gallery-modes(WGMs) optical microcavity has the advantages of small mode volume and high-quality factor. Therefore, many nonreciprocal strategies in photonic integration are based on optical microcavities. Similar to the nonreciprocal principle of the magneto-optical effect, the external bias fields(such as magnetic field, angular momentum,linear momentum, etc.) are necessary to break the time reversal symmetry. In this paper, we review the research on nonreciprocal optics in WGMs optical microcavities, and summarize recent research achievements in the following interaction categories: Magneto-optical effect, chiral coupling of atoms with energy level distribution bias, macroscopic Doppler effect with angular momentum bias, optomechanical driving, acousto-optic oscillation and nonlinear driving.Firstly, even on the chip, the magneto-optical effect is an important way to realize nonreciprocity. Nonreciprocity can be achieved by depositing/bonding magneto-optical materials on a silicon chip or using the spin-orbit interaction of WGMs in the YIG microsphere with the help of an external magnetic field. Secondly, preparing the a

关 键 词：光子器件 非互易 微腔 回音壁模式 

分 类 号：TH74[机械工程—光学工程]