新型冠状病毒疫苗对病毒传播的阻断效果:现状与展望  

Blocking effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on virus transmission:current situation and prospect

作　　者：刘晓辉 庄春兰 陈祺 黄守杰[1] 吴婷[1] Liu Xiaohui;Zhuang Chunlan;Chen Qi;Huang Shoujie;Wu Ting(National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics,School of Public Health,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共卫生学院,国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心,分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室,厦门361102

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2022年第10期753-760,共8页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)可有效预防由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的COVID-19,但对于其阻断传播的效果还存在较大争议。新冠疫苗可有效预防SARS-CoV-2感染从而减少传染源数量,同时可降低突破性感染病例发生二次传播的可能性,但是其保护效果随时间的推移发生衰减,并且具有更强传播能力和免疫逃逸能力的变异株的出现对新冠疫苗阻断病毒传播的效果带来了巨大挑战。终结疫情仍然需要持续推进新疫苗的研发及采取有效的疫情防控措施。SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective in preventing COVID-19,but their efficacy in blocking virus transmission is controversial.Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can reduce the sources of infection and the possibility of secondary transmission from breakthrough infection cases,their effectiveness wanes over time.Moreover,the emergence of variants with stronger transmissibility and immune escape ability also poses huge challenges to the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in blocking virus transmission.Therefore,ending the COVID-19 pandemic still requires the continuous research and development of new vaccines as well as the adoption of effective prevention and control measures.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 疫苗 阻断传播 无症状感染 保护效果 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]