湖南柿竹园超大型W-Sn-Mo-Bi矿床研究进展与主要科学问题  

Research progresses and key scientific issues of the super-large Shizhuyuan W-Sn-Mo-Bi polymetallic deposit in Hunan Province,China

作　　者：陶思源 马星华 TAO Si-yuan;MA Xing-hua(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 10083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室(中国地质大学),北京100083

出　　处：《矿物学报》2022年第6期793-806,共14页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：基本科研业务费项目(编号:KK1914,KK2209);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42173053,41911530106);地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室开放课题(编号:GPMR201816)。

摘　　要：湖南柿竹园矿床位于华南钨锡成矿省中部,是一个超大型钨锡钼铋多金属矿床。以千里山花岗岩为中心,由内向外金属矿化组合依次为W-Sn-Mo-Bi和Pb-Zn-Ag。本文结合近年来的野外工作认识,基于已有的成岩成矿地质年代学、元素及同位素地球化学等数据,对柿竹园矿床地质特征、岩浆演化期次、成矿流体和成矿物质来源以及成矿物理化学条件等方面进行了讨论,系统总结了柿竹园矿床的研究进展。在此基础上,提出了目前存在的一些关键科学问题,主要包括:1)千里山复式岩体的主体和补体花岗岩的成因联系尚不明确,二者之间是结晶分异关系还是多期岩浆事件的产物,尚需要一些关键证据的支持;2)不同成矿金属元素耦合及差异性成矿的控制机理还不清楚,例如W、Sn等成矿元素可以同时矿化形成钨锡矿床,也可以以某个成矿元素单独成矿,形成独立W矿床或Sn矿床,控制W和Sn耦合成矿与否的机制尚不明确;3)挥发分对金属成矿作用的影响机制有待查明,F、Cl等挥发分被证实直接或间接影响成矿作用,利用非传统型卤素同位素对成矿岩体和含卤素矿物进行示踪可能是解决这一难题的有效途径。The Shizhuyuan super-large W-Sn-Mo-Bi polymetallic deposit in Hunan Province is located in the central part of the South China tungsten-tin metallogenic province whose mineralized element associations vary from the W-Sn-Mo-Bi in the inner zone to the Pb-Zn-Ag in the outer zone of granite bodies centered with the Qianlishan granite body.Based on previously existed data of diagenetic and metallogenic geochronology,elemental and isotopic geochemistry,and the understanding of field investigations in recent years,we have discussed the geological characteristics,magmatic evolution stages,sources of ore-forming fluids and metals,and metallogenic physicochemical conditions of the Shizhuyuan deposit,and then systematically summarized and reviewd the research progresses of the deposit in this paper.On this basis,some key scientific issues related to researches of the deposit have been put forward.1)Genetic relationship between the main and complement units of the Qianlishan granite complex is not clear yet as some key evidences are needed to support whether they were formed by the magmatic crystallization differentiation or the multi-stage magmatic events.2)The coupling mechanism of different metalallogenetic elements and the controlling mechanism of differential metallogenesis are still not clear yet.For example,the metallogenesis of ore-forming elements of W and Sn could be occurred at the same time to have formed the tungsten-tin deposit,or could be occurred separately with a certain ore-forming element to have formed the independent W or Sn deposits.However,the controlling mechanism whether the metallogenesis of W and Sn is coupled or not remains unclear yet.3)The influence mechanism of volatiles on the metal mineralization remains to be found out.Volatiles such as F and Cl have been proved to have direct or indirect effects on the metal mineralization.It is believed that the isotopic tracing of unconventional halogen isotopes of halogen-bearing minerals and rocks could be an effective way to solve this problem.

关 键 词：柿竹园矿床 成岩成矿作用 研究进展 南岭 

分 类 号：P618.44[天文地球—矿床学] P618.67[天文地球—地质学]