异源三倍体百合的培育及鉴定  

Cultivation and Identification of Allotriploid Lily

作　　者：张震林 郑梓唯 郑思乡 廖晓珊 宋志伟 宋荣 林庆丹 Zhang Zhenlin;Zheng Ziwei;Zheng Sixiang;LiaoXiaoshan;Song Zhiwei;Song Rong;Lin Qingdan(Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lily Germplasm Resource Innovation and DEEP Processing,College of Life Sciences and Chemistry,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou,412000;Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Multipurpose Precious Flower Breeding,Zhuzhou Institute of Agricultural Research,Zhuzhou,412000;Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology,Changsha,410000)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学生命科学与化学学院,百合种质资源创新与深加工湖南省工程研究中心,株洲412000 [2]株洲市农业科学研究所,多用途名贵花卉育种湖南省工程实验室,株洲412000 [3]湖南省农业环境生态研究所,长沙410000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第19期6424-6432,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：湖南省教育厅一般项目(20C0632);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2019JJ50135);株洲市科技人才托举工程项目(2019TJ-06)共同资助。

摘　　要：异源三倍体育种是目前国际百合育种的主要途径。以自主研发的远缘杂交一代百合‘新希望’(Lilium’Xin xiwang’)为试验材料,借助多倍体育种技术成功培育出异源四倍体百合,再与东方百合‘薇薇安娜’(Lilium.’Viviana’)进行杂交,培育出异源三倍体百合,利用ISSR分析对杂交后代进行早期鉴定。结果表明:利用0.1%秋水仙素处理24 h,效果最佳,诱导率达到30.67%;气孔鉴定表明四倍体气孔长度大于二倍体,而气孔密度的检测结果与之相反;染色体数目鉴定表明已获得了四倍体百合。花粉萌发试验表明,异源四倍体花粉有11.8%已经萌发,表明恢复其育性。采用田间授粉的方式将异源四倍体花粉涂抹到二倍体东方百合‘薇薇安娜’的柱头上,蒴果膨大率为56.45%,坐果率为11.27%,染色体数目鉴定表明杂交植株染色体数目为36,即为异源三倍体。在有丝分裂期间无异常现象,表明三倍体具有高度的遗传稳定性。ISSR分子鉴定试验证明,选取的19株杂交后代均为远缘杂交种。本研究获得异源三倍体百合,为创造速生、无斑点及花粉败育的百合新型品种提供了参考。Allotriploid breeding is currently the primary way of international lily breeding.Lilium’Xin xiwang’,a self-developed distant hybrid generation,was used as the experimental material.The tetraploid lily was successfully cultivated by polyploid breeding technology and then hybridized with oriental lily’Viviana’to cultivate the allotriploid lily.ISSR analysis was employed for the early identification of hybrids.The results showed the best effect of 0.1%colchicine treatment for 24 h,and the induction rate reached 30.67%.Stoma identification showed that tetraploid stoma length was more significant than diploid,whereas stoma density was the opposite;chromosome number identification indicated that the tetraploid lily has been available.The pollen germination test proved that 11.8% of the allotetraploid pollen had germinated,and restored its fertility.The allotetraploid pollen was smeared on the stigma of diploid oriental lily’Viviana’by field pollination.The capsule expansion rate was 56.45%,and the fruit setting rate was 11.27%.Chromosome number identification showed that the chromosome number of hybrid plants was 36,and the hybrid plants were allotriploid.The absence of anomalies during mitosis indicated a high degree of genetic stability in allotriploid.The ISSR molecular identification test showed that 19 selected hybrids were distant hybrids.Obtained allotriploid lily provided the scientific basis for creating new lily varieties with rapid growth,no spots,and pollen abortion.

关 键 词：百合 秋水仙素 异源四倍体 异源三倍体 ISSR 

分 类 号：S682.29[农业科学—观赏园艺]