贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对大豆根腐病盆栽防效及防御酶活性检测  

Control Effect of Bacillus velezensis on Soybean Root Rot in Pot and Detection of Defensive Enzyme Activity

作　　者：陈爽 王继华[1] 张必弦[2] 刘秀林[2] Chen Shuang;Wang Jihua;Zhang Bixian;Liu Xiulin(School of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Harbin,150025;Soybean Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,150086)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第19期6492-6500,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07202-002-06)资助。

摘　　要：大豆根腐病是较难防治的土传病害,本实验以前期研究工作中分离得到的生防菌HM3-3,经鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌为研究对象,开展对此菌的生物防治探究具有十分重要的意义。探究生防菌对大豆根腐病盆栽防治效果、拮抗物质及防御酶活性。采用盆栽法、紫外分光光度计法、培养基检测法检验其盆栽防效、促生作用、防御酶活性及溶菌作用。结果显示,盆栽防效检验时,在接种生防菌HM3-324 h后接种大豆根腐病致病菌,接种7 d后计算其防效,盆栽防效为46%;促生作用检验时,喷施生防菌的植株叶绿素含量、株高、鲜重、茎粗均高于对照组,有较明显的促生作用;防御酶检测分为4个处理,其中喷洒生防菌后接种致病菌的处理在接种72 h后大豆叶片内的过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均达到峰值,且生防菌处理防御酶活性均高于对照组。单独接种致病菌的植株在24 h内各种酶活性达到峰值;基于平板培养检验其溶菌作用,将HM3-3接种于蛋白酶,纤维素酶,几丁质酶及嗜铁素的培养基上,其中蛋白酶,纤维素酶,嗜铁素培养基上均出现透明圈,说明生防菌HM3-3具有以上3种酶。综上所述,HM3-3不仅具有促生作用,对于大豆根腐病还有防治作用,当病原菌侵染大豆时,生防菌HM3-3一方面可以诱导大豆体内防御酶的活性,另一方面,通过分泌相关溶解致病菌的酶类,破坏致病菌的细胞壁,以此对致病菌进行防御。Soybean root rot is a soil-borne disease that is difficult to control.The biocontrol bacteria HM3-3 isolated in the previous research work of this experiment was identified as Bacillus velezensis as the research object.The research on the biological control of bacteria is of great significance.To explore the effects of biocontrol bacteria on potted soybean root rot,antagonistic substances and defensive enzyme activities.The potted plant method,ultraviolet spectrophotometer method,and medium detection method were used to test the potted plant’s control effect,growth promotion effect,defensive enzyme activity and bacteriolytic effect.The results showed that during the potted plant control effect test,the soybean root rot pathogen was inoculated 24 h after the inoculation of the biocontrol bacteria HM3-3.The control effect was calculated 7 days after the inoculation.The potted plant control effect was 46%;during the inspection,the chlorophyll content,plant height,fresh weight,and stem thickness of the plants sprayed with biocontrol bacteria were all higher than those of the control group,which had a more obvious growth-promoting effect;the detection of defense enzymes was divided into 4 treatments,among which,after spraying with biocontrol bacteria in the treatment of inoculating pathogenic bacteria 72 hours after inoculation,the activities of peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)in soybean leaves reached Peak,and the defensive enzyme activity of biocontrol bacteria treatment was higher than the control group.plants inoculated with pathogenic bacteria alone reach the peak of various enzyme activities within 24 hours;based on plate culture to test its lytic effect,HM3-3 was inoculated on the medium of protease,cellulase,chitinase and ferrophil.Among them,the protease,cellulase,and ferrophilic medium all appear transparent circles,indicating that the biocontrol bacteria HM3-3 has the above three enzymes.In summary,HM3-3 not only has a growth-promoting effect,but also has

关 键 词：大豆根腐病 盆栽防效 防御酶 促生作用 溶菌作用 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]