典型油品燃烧烟气特性及源强研究  

Experimental research on smoke characteristics and source intensity of typical oil combustion

作　　者：杨帅 赵桂利[1] 赵祥迪[1] 纪建锋 王正[1] 袁纪武[1] YANG Shuai;ZHAO Gui-li;ZHAO Xiang-di;JI Jian-feng;WANG Zheng;YUAN Ji-wu(SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering,State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化青岛安全工程研究院,化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第5期2379-2386,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为研究不同种类油品的产烟特性和烟气中关键无机污染物组分的生成规律,对柴油、原油和润滑油进行燃烧试验,采用锥形量热仪和烟气分析仪分析了3种油品的产烟速率、烟气温度、烟气中各无机污染物质量浓度或体积分数等烟气特性参数,并建立了CO、CO_(2)、SO_(2)和NO_(x)等的源强模型。结果表明:柴油和原油的产烟速率峰值随液池直径增大变化很小,润滑油的产烟速率峰值却相差3倍;3种油品燃烧的烟气温度随液池直径增大而增大,且增大幅度与液池直径增大幅度一致;3种油品燃烧产物中CO、SO_(2)、NO的质量浓度和CO_(2)的体积分数随液池直径增大而升高,原油燃烧烟气中各组分的质量浓度或体积分数峰值随液池直径增大呈倍数关系,柴油和润滑油燃烧烟气中SO_(2)和CO组分质量浓度受液池直径的影响较大,峰值出现10~15倍的差别。同等燃烧工况下,柴油燃烧烟气中各组分质量浓度或体积分数达到峰值所需燃烧时间均少于原油和润滑油,分别为150 s、300 s和410 s;柴油燃烧会产生较多的CO_(2),烟气中CO_(2)体积分数是原油燃烧烟气的10倍,是润滑油燃烧烟气的2倍。润滑油燃烧会生成更多的CO,烟气中CO质量浓度是原油燃烧烟气的11倍。To investigate smoke production characteristics and inorganic pollutants formation regularities of different types of oils,pool fire experiments in different combustion diameters with diesel,petroleum,and lube were carried out.Smoke characteristics including smoke production rate,smoke temperature,and pollutants concentrations were measured by cone calorimeter and flue gas analyzer,respectively.Based on the experiment results,the smoke source intensity models of diesel,petroleum,and lube were established.Only with the combustion area,the production rate of carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,sulfur dioxide,and nitric oxide can be evaluated.In terms of smoke production rate,the maximum smoke production rates of diesel and petroleum almost remain the same with combustion diameter increasing.However,the maximum smoke production rate of lube shows three times the difference in three combustion diameters.Different from the smoke production rate,the smoke temperature of three types of oils increases with combustion diameter increasing.In an aspect of pollutants concentrations,smoke concentrations of diesel,petroleum,and lube increase with increasing combustion diameter.The maximum pollutant concentration of petroleum is in increasing order of combustion diameter.However,mass concentrations of sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide in the smoke of diesel and lube in the largest combustion diameter have 10-15 times higher than that in the smallest combustion diameter.In the same combustion condition,times that achieve maximum smoke concentrations are 150 s,300 s,and 410 s for diesel,petroleum,and lube,respectively.Diesel prefers to generate more carbon dioxide.The volume fraction of carbon dioxide from diesel shows ten times higher than that of petroleum and two times higher than that of lube.For heavier constituents in lube,the mass concentration of carbon monoxide is highest among three types of oils,which shows eleven times higher than that of petroleum.As to petroleum,pollutants except nitric oxide have lower concentrations t

关 键 词：安全工程 烟气特性 油品 燃烧 源强 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]