2021年克拉玛依市一起诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎暴发调查  

Investigation on an outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis in a kindergarten, Karamay city,2021

作　　者：黄芸[1] 蔺洁[1] 廖佩花[2] 甫尔哈提·吾守尔[2] HUANG Yun;LIN Jie;LIAO Pei-hua;FUERHATI Wu-shou-er(Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Karamay City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Karamay,Xinjiang,834000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心慢病防制科,新疆834000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第10期783-784,793,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的 对2021年新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市一起幼儿园诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情的流行特征进行分析,为开展诺如病毒感染防控提供依据。方法 对2021年2月27日新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市某幼儿园出现的18例恶心、呕吐患儿,根据诺如病毒疑似病例定义主动搜索病例,同时开展现场环境卫生学调查,采用描述性流行病学方法描述病例三间分布和临床特点。结果 本次疫情集中在1个班的幼儿中发病,共搜索病例18例,罹患率为48.65%(18/37),病例全部为幼儿,临床表现以呕吐(100.00%)、腹痛(72.22%)、发热(66.67%)为主,无重症和死亡病例。男生罹患率(77.78%)高于女生罹患率(22.22%)。流行曲线提示首发病例传播至续发病例,随后在该班级内呈现人传人模式。结论 该起胃肠炎暴发疫情可能的感染来源为首发病例在送园前感染诺如病毒,带病入园将病毒带至该班级,造成病毒在该班级的传播。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis in a kindergarten in Karamay city, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in 2021,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of norovirus infection. Methods A total of 18 cases of nausea and vomiting in a kindergarten in Karamay city, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region on February 27,2021 were investigated based on the definition of suspected norovirus cases.At the same time, field environmental hygiene investigation was carried out, and descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the epidemiological distribution and clinical characteristics. Results The epidemic was concentrated in children from 1 class.A total of 18 cases were searched.The attack rate was 48.65%(18/37).All cases were children.The clinical manifestations were mainly vomiting(100.00%),abdominal pain(72.22%),fever(66.67%),and there were no severe cases and deaths.The attack rate of boys(77.78%) was higher than that of girls(22.22%).The epidemic curve suggested that the first case spread to the second case, and then showed the mode of human to human transmission in the class. Conclusion The possible source of infection for this outbreak of gastroenteritis is that the first case was infected with norovirus before being sent to the school and brought the virus to the classroom, causing the spread of the virus in the classroom.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 暴发 胃肠炎 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学] R181.81[医药卫生—基础医学]