大豆抗炸荚性高效评价方法研究  

Research on High-efficiency Evaluation Method of Resistance to Pod Dehiscence in Soybean

作　　者：王金生[1] 蒲国锋[1] 马力[1] 何雯瑾 吴俊江[1] WANG Jin-sheng;PU Guo-feng;MA Li;HE Wen-jin;WU Jun-jiang(Soybean Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of the Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所/农业部大豆栽培重点实验室/黑龙江省大豆栽培重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第5期564-568,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000901-01);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX22-14)。

摘　　要：为了创新高效的大豆抗炸荚鉴定方法,适应大豆机械化生产发展趋势,本研究以黑龙江省不同生态区主栽的大豆品种为材料,以大豆结荚初期、中期和后期的大豆豆荚直线长、豆荚曲线长、荚宽、豆荚厚度、荚皮厚度、豆荚鲜重、豆荚干重为指标,建立6种类型抗炸荚评价指数,通过相关性分析获得大豆抗炸荚最佳鉴定时期及鉴定模型,并利用通径系数分析各指标对鉴定模型的贡献大小,比较得出最高效的大豆抗炸荚性鉴定方法。结果表明:鼓粒中期的多因子抗炸荚指数D[豆荚含水量×(豆荚直线长/豆荚曲线长)]与田间实际炸荚率的相关性最为密切(r=-0.911**),炸荚指数为0.822,以上材料均表现出很强的抗炸荚能力。通径系数分析表明对大豆抗炸荚性贡献最大的因子为豆荚含水量(r=0.978**),其次为豆荚直线长(r=0.878**),而对大豆易炸荚贡献最大因子为豆荚曲线长(r=-0.676**)。综合来看,含水量对抗炸荚指数的影响最为明显,正向直接效应最大(X1→y=0.470)。鼓粒中期的多因子抗炸荚指数D为高效抗炸荚大豆种质鉴定的最佳技术模型。In order to innovate an efficient identification method for soybean resistant to pod dehiscence and adapt to the development trend of soybean mechanized production,this study used soybean varieties mainly planted in different ecological zones in Heilongjiang Province as materials,the curve length,pod width,pod thickness,pod skin thickness,pod fresh weight,and pod dry weight as indicators,and six types of pod dehiscence resistance evaluation indices were established.The best identification period and identification model of soybean pod dehiscence resistance were obtained through correlation analysis.The contribution of each index to the identification model was analyzed by the path coefficient,and the most efficient identification method of soybean pod dehiscence resistance was obtained.The results showed that:The multi-factor pod dehiscence resistance index D[pod water content×(pod straight line length/pod curve length)]in the middle stage of drumming had the closest correlation with the actual rate of fried pods in the field(r=-0.911**).Materials with a pod index above 0.822 showed strong pod dehiscence resistance.The path coefficient analysis showed that the most important factor contributing to soybean pod dehiscence resistance was pod water content(r=0.978**),followed by pod straight line length(r=0.878**),and the factor contributing to soybean pod dehiscence resistance was pod curve length(r=-0676**).On the whole,the water content had the most obvious effect on the pod dehiscence resistance index,and the positive direct effect was the largest(X1→y=0.470).The multi-factor pod dehiscence resistance index D in the middle stage of drumming is the best technical model for the identification of high-efficiency pod dehiscence resistant soybean germplasm.

关 键 词：大豆 抗炸荚性 抗炸荚指数 高效评价方法 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]