氨基酸肥喷施次数和时期对大豆生理和产量的影响  

Effects of Spraying Frequency and Stage of Amino Acid Fertilizer on Soybean Physiology and Yield

作　　者：张鹏宇 张晓蕊 贺如 孙贺祥 姚兴东[1] 谢甫绨[1] ZHANG Peng-yu;ZHANG Xiao-rui;HE Ru;SUN He-xiang;YAO Xing-dong;XIE Fu-ti(Soybean Research Institute,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学大豆研究所,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第5期569-579,共11页Soybean Science

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0630);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300203-2)。

摘　　要：为分析氨基酸肥对大豆生长发育和产量的影响,探讨大豆田氨基酸肥的高效施肥次数和时期,以沈农8号(有限型)和沈农9号(亚有限型)两个大豆品种为材料,设置不同生育时期喷施不同次数氨基酸肥处理,对比分析不同生育时期不同处理大豆叶片光合生理、氮代谢、产量及其相关性状等。结果表明:氨基酸肥处理会显著提高大豆的产量,在V4、R1和R3期喷施3次氨基酸肥处理下沈农8号和沈农9号产量显著高于其它处理,分别比不施氨基酸肥对照增产27%和16%。在V4、R1和R3期喷施3次氨基酸肥后两个品种不同时期的净光合生理指标、氮代谢酶活性和氮素积累量均显著高于其它处理。研究表明施用氨基酸肥可以提高大豆植株的光合能力和氮代谢能力,增加单株粒数,从而获得高产,以V4、R1和R3期喷施3次氨基酸肥处理增产率最高。In order to analyze the effect of amino acid fertilizer on the growth,development and yield of soybean,and to explore the frequency and period of high-efficiency fertilization of amino acid fertilizer in soybean fields,two soybean varieties,Shennong 8(determinate type)and Shennong 9(semi-determinate type),were used as materials.We set up fertilizer treatments,sprayed different times of amino acid fertilizers in different growth periods,to analyze the photosynthetic physiology,nitrogen metabolism,plant agronomic traits and yield of soybean leaves of different treatments at different growth periods.The results showed that the amino acid fertilizer treatment could significantly increase the yield of soybean.The yields of Shennong 8 and Shennong 9 were significantly higher than those of the other treatments when the amino acid fertilizer was sprayed three times in the V4,R1 and R3 periods,increased by 27%and 16%respectively compared with the control without amino acid fertilizer.The net photosynthetic physiological index,population light energy interception rate,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity and nitrogen accumulation of the two varieties were significantly higher than other treatments in V4,R1 and R3 stages after three times spraying of amino acid fertilizer.The results showed that the application of amino acid fertilizer could improve the photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen metabolism of soybean plants,increase the seeds number per plant,and thus obtain high yield,and the highest yield was obtained by spraying three times of amino acid fertilizer at V4,R1 and R3 stages.

关 键 词：大豆 氨基酸肥 生育时期 光合能力 氮代谢酶活性 产量 产量相关性状 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]