潜水员气体栓塞及其加压治疗  

Air embolism in divers and hyperbaric treatment

作　　者：官振标 董宇超 周燕燕 徐佳骏 俞旭华 刘文武 Guan Zhenbiao;Dong Yuchao;Zhou Yanyan;Xu Jiajun;Yu Xuhua;Liu Wenwu(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学第二附属医院普通外科 [3]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心潜水与高气压医学研究室

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2022年第10期1173-1176,F0004,共5页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81772015);国防科技创新特区项目(19-163-16-ZD-020-008-01,03);“十三五”军队重点院校和重点学科专业建设项目(2020SZ22;2020SZ25)。

摘　　要：潜水减压病和肺气压伤是潜水员常见的2种疾病,两者的共同病理生理学机制是血管内产生气泡,具有导致气体栓塞的风险。但两者气泡所处的部位存在差异,减压病的气泡常见于静脉,而肺气压伤的气泡常见于动脉。并且动脉气体栓塞对机体造成的后果更加严重。目前,加压治疗仍然是气体栓塞最为有效的治疗方法,但目前的研究尚无法明确高压氧治疗与高压力加压治疗效果间的差异。笔者对潜水员气体栓塞及其再加压治疗现状进行简要介绍,为潜水疾病的临床处理和治疗提供参考。Diving decompression sickness and pulmonary barotrauma are two commonly-seen diseases in divers.The common pathophysiological basis of both disorders is the presence of air bubbles in blood vessels,resulting in the risk of gas embolism in tissues.However,the locations of air bubbles are different between the two diseases.In case of decompression sickness,air bubblesare usually present in veins,while for pulmonary barotrauma air bubblesare most commonly-seen in arteries.Relatively speaking,arterial gas embolism could cause more serious consequences.At present,re-compression therapy is still the most effective treatment for gas embolism.However,present researches could not tell whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy or higher pressure therapy is more advantageous for the treatment of gas embolism in divers.Herein,we briefly introduce the current research status of air embolism in divers and recompression treatment of the disorder,which might provide a useful reference for clinical treatment of divingrelated diseases.

关 键 词：潜水 减压病 肺气压伤 气体栓塞 加压治疗 

分 类 号：R589.7[医药卫生—内分泌]