职业紧张对新疆石油工人睡眠质量、糖皮质激素浓度的影响  

Effects of occupational stress on sleep quality and glucocorticoid concentration of petroleum workers in Xinjiang

作　　者：谷昆鹏 顾锋[1] 刘继文[2] GU Kunpeng;GU Feng;LIU Jiwen(Beilun District Center for Disease Control,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315800,China;School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市北仑区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315800 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2022年第5期511-516,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81460489)。

摘　　要：目的 调查新疆某地石油工人职业紧张、睡眠质量现状,检测糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)浓度,初步探讨职业紧张对睡眠质量、GC浓度的影响。方法 使用付出-回报失衡量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表对新疆某地1 620名石油工人进行问卷调查,随机选取172人进行GC浓度测定,并对数据进行分析。结果 石油工人工作环境中存在较多的噪声、粉尘等职业病危害因素。男性、井下作业、吸烟、饮酒的石油工人职业紧张发生率较高(P <0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示:不同工种、倒班作业、职业紧张、饮酒是睡眠障碍的独立影响因素(P <0.05),其中工种为井下作业、输油、采油发生睡眠障碍的风险分别是钻井的1.73、2.49、2.41倍,倒班工人睡眠障碍发生率是不倒班的1.80倍,职业紧张程度高的工人睡眠障碍发生率是职业紧张程度低的工人的1.92倍,饮酒者发生睡眠障碍是不饮酒者的1.29倍。睡眠障碍情况不同人员的GC浓度差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。职业紧张程度越高,GC浓度也越高(P <0.05)。结论 石油工人职业紧张程度较高,睡眠质量不佳,和其工作性质密切相关,需要制定有效措施改善上述问题。Objective The status of occupational stress and sleep quality of petroleum workers in Xinjiang,and their glucocorticoid(GC)concentration were measured to explore the effect of occupational stress on sleep quality and GC level.Methods A questionnaire survey of 1 620 petroleum workers in Xinjiang was conducted using the Effort-Reward Imbalance(ERI)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),of whom 172 workers were randomly selected to determine the GC concentration. Results There existed many occupational hazards such as noise and dust in the working environment of oil workers. The incidence of occupational stress was higher among the male,workers engaged in downhole operation,the smokers,and the drinkers(P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis found that different work task,shift work,occupational stress,and drinking behavior were the independent influencing factors of sleep disorders(P < 0.05). Among them,the risk of sleep disorders of workers engaged in downhole operation,oil transportation,and oil extraction was 1.73,2.49,and 2.41times higher than drilling workers,respectively(P < 0.05). The incidence of sleep disorders among workers who worked on shifts was 1.80 times than that of those who did not work on shifts(P < 0.05). The incidence of sleep disorders in workers with high occupational stress was 1.92 times higher than that with low occupational stress(P < 0.05).Drinkers were 1.29times more likely to have sleep disorders than non-drinkers(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in GC concentration among different workers with or without sleep disorders(P < 0.05). Higher occupational stress and higher GC concentration(P < 0.05). Conclusions Oil workers had high occupational stress and poor sleep quality,which was closely related to the nature of their work. Effective measures need to be developed to improve the above problems.

关 键 词：职业紧张 睡眠质量 糖皮质激素 石油工人 倒班 饮酒 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]