零价铁材料还原水中硝酸盐的研究进展  

Research progress on reduction of nitrates in water by zero-valent iron materials

作　　者：任爽 王鹏[1] 王亚娥[1] 李杰[1,2,3] 胡凯耀 梁津铭 朱红娟 彭钰卓 REN Shuang;WANG Peng;WANG Ya'e;LI Jie;HU Kaiyao;LIANG Jinming;ZHU Hongjuan;PENG Yuzhuo(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Membrane Science and Technology Research Institute Co.,Lid.,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省膜科学技术研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省非常规水资源化利用技术重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第10期2005-2015,共11页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51768032)。

摘　　要：零价铁(ZVI)作为一种活性金属,因其高效、无毒、价廉和来源丰富而被广泛用于硝酸盐(NO_(3)^(–))的还原。尽管ZVI对硝酸盐有较高的去除效率,但传统ZVI法还原NO_(3)^(–)的主要产物是NH_(4)^(+),其会对水体造成二次污染。此外,反应过程中形成的铁氧化物会抑制电子传递,从而使ZVI难以长时间维持高反应活性,对pH有较高的依赖。目前乃至今后的重点研究方向是开发或改善现有ZVI复合材料、耦合微生物工艺等手段以降低pH对反应的限制及还原产物中NH_(4)^(+)的比例,同时将其脱氮性能进一步优化提升。该文介绍了ZVI对NO_(3)^(–)的作用效能和去除机制,阐述了理化特性、pH、温度、溶解氧等因素对ZVI化学反硝化效能的影响,涵盖了ZVI还原硝酸盐的各项性能强化措施。最后归纳了ZVI材料在实际脱氮中需要注意的问题,对其未来发展前景进行了展望。Zero-valent iron(ZVI),an active metal,has been widely used for the reduction of nitrate(NO_(3)^(–))due to its high efficiency,non-toxicity,low cost and abundance.Although ZVI exhibits high removal efficiency for nitrate,NH_(4)^(+),the main product of NO_(3)^(–)reduction by traditional ZVI method,will cause secondary pollution to water bodies.Moreover,the iron oxide formed during the reaction will inhibit electron transfer,which makes it difficult for ZVI to maintain its high reactivity for long term use,leading to a high dependence on p H.Therefore,the key research direction,at present or even in the future,is to develop or improve the existing ZVI composite materials,coupled microbial technology and other means to reduce the influence of pH on the reaction and the amount of NH_(4)^(+)in the reduction products,and to further optimize the nitrogen removal performance of ZVI.In this review,the removal effect and mechanism of ZVI for NO_(3)^(–)was firstly introduced,followed by discussions on the influence of physical and chemical properties,pH,temperature,dissolved oxygen and other factors on the chemical denitrification efficiency of ZVI as well as the variety of performance enhancement measures.Finally,the problems needed to be addressed in the actual denitrification of ZVI materials were summarized,and the future development prospects were explored.

关 键 词：零价铁 硝酸盐 废水脱氮 反应原理 复合材料 强化措施 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]