考虑雨滴侵蚀的风力发电机叶片涂层疲劳寿命优化设计方法  

Design Optimization for Coating Fatigue Life of Wind Turbine Blades Considering Rain Erosion

作　　者：陈炜镒 胡伟飞 方健豪 姜宏伟[4] 刘振宇[1,2,3] 谭建荣 CHEN Weiyi;HU Weifei;FANG Jianhao;JIANG Hongwei;LIU Zhenyu;TAN Jianrong(State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027;Engineering Research Center for Design Engineering and Digital Twin of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310027;School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027;Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co.Ltd,Taiyuan 030024)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,杭州310027 [2]设计工程及数字孪生浙江省工程研究中心,杭州310027 [3]浙江大学机械工程学院,杭州310027 [4]太原重工股份有限公司,太原030024

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2022年第17期2-15,共14页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51905475,52111540267,51935009);浙江省自然科学基金(LZ22E050006);浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLoF P_ZZ_2102)资助项目。

摘　　要：雨滴侵蚀是造成大型风力发电机叶片涂层疲劳损坏的重要因素之一,近年来受到工业界和学术界的广泛关注。针对该问题,提出了一种通过调整风机转速,实现考虑雨滴侵蚀的风机叶片涂层疲劳寿命优化设计方法。首先运用风机叶片涂层疲劳寿命计算框架构建疲劳寿命Kriging代理模型,实现了特定状态下的叶片涂层疲劳寿命的快速计算;然后对于复杂的风力发电机实际服役环境,通过构建降雨强度与风速概率模型表征其各自的时长信息;其次根据不同降雨强度下疲劳寿命变化特性,构建约束条件,缩小搜寻空间,并结合风力发电机风能利用系数特性,构建初始转速设计点,最后采用序列二次规划法获得不同降雨强度与风速下的风力发电机最优转速。针对5 MW风力发电机机组进行转速优化设计,结果表明该优化设计方法可以将风力发电机叶片涂层设计疲劳寿命由7.84年提升至20年,而风机服役周期内总发电量减少量忽略不计。因此,该方法在保证风机总发电量降低最小的情况下,能够有效提升风力发电机叶片涂层疲劳寿命。Rain-induced fatigue damage is one of the most significant factors that affect the fatigue life of wind turbine blades, which attracts increasing attention in both industry and academia recently. To address this issue, a coating fatigue life design optimization method considering rain erosion is proposed in this paper. A Kriging surrogate model of coating fatigue life is constructed by a comprehensive computational framework which uses the rain intensity and the rotor rotational speed as the input of the surrogate model. Probability models of the rainfall intensity and the wind speed are constructed to characterize the duration information of rainfall intensity and wind speed. According to variation characteristics of fatigue life under different rain intensities, the constraint conditions are constructed to reduce the size of design space. Combined with the characteristics of power coefficient of a wind turbine, the initial rotor rotational speed is identified. The sequential quadratic programming method is used to obtain the optimal rotational speed of wind turbine under different rain intensities and wind speeds. The proposed design optimization method is applied in a 5 MW wind turbine.Result shows the proposed method could significantly increase the designed fatigue life of the wind turbine blade coating from 7.84 years to 20 years, while the reduction of total energy production during the service life of wind turbine is ignored. With the minimum total energy production reduction of the wind turbine, the fatigue life of the wind turbine blade is significantly extended.

关 键 词：雨滴侵蚀 风机叶片 疲劳寿命 优化设计 代理模型 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]